In this experimental study, different components are computed for three ecosystem services (ES). Specifically, supply, demand and use estimated pollination service, flood risk regulation service nature-based tourism. These analysed assessed in 2012 2018 the Italian context, order to estimate evolution over period allow a significant comparison of results. The same methodology models applied sel...

We introduce new counting techniques for computing the growth of EDT0L languages based on generalized Parikh vectors. The structure generating function S ( z ) any language formed from an unambiguous system with one variable and m tables is tractable in sense that its Taylor polynomial N can be constructed time O 2+log 2 ). illustrate by example this result not necessarily true systems several ...

In the present study, the cyanobacterial flora of Urmia Lake (NW Iran), one of the largest salt lakes in the world and adjacent rivers is investigated. Urmia Lake comprises different micro-organisms including cyanobacteria which have a major role in aquatic ecosystems. Cyanobacterial samples were collected in 2008–09 from Urmia Lake and its surrounding ecosystems. All samples were cultivated, i...

[1] Wetland ecosystems are often characterized by distinct vegetation patterns. Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain the formation of these patterns; including spatially variable peat accumulation and water ponding. Recently, short‐range facilitation and long‐range competition for resources (a.k.a scale dependent feedback) has been proposed as a possible mechanism for pattern format...

BACKGROUND Major biological and cultural innovations in late Pliocene hominin evolution are frequently linked to the spread or fluctuating presence of C(4) grass in African ecosystems. Whereas the deep sea record of global climatic change provides indirect evidence for an increase in C(4) vegetation with a shift towards a cooler, drier and more variable global climatic regime beginning approxim...

Due to increased availability and affordable cost of TM7 data, one envisages its widespread use for land cover mapping in many developing countries. There is need to establish not only the potential but also the limitations of TM data for land cover mapping in some natural ecosystems of the tropics. Uganda is a tropical country with well-distributed rainfall and its landscapes are characterised...

Mid to high-latitude marine ecosystems are characterized by strong intra-seasonal variability in productivity across multiple trophic levels. It is understood that climate variability, as well as projected climate change, is likely to cause substantial changes in the timing of key seasonal events, such as the spring phytoplankton bloom, dates of diapause for zooplankton, or nesting dates in sea...

Over the past several decades, a rapidly expanding field of research known as biodiversity and ecosystem functioning has begun to quantify how the world's biological diversity can, as an independent variable, control ecological processes that are both essential for, and fundamental to, the functioning of ecosystems. Research in this area has often been justified on grounds that (1) loss of biol...

Ecohydrology is the science that studies the mutual interaction between the hydrological cycle and ecosystems. Such an interaction is especially intense in watercontrolled ecosystems, where water may be a limiting factor, not only because of its scarcity, but also because of its intermittent and unpredictable appearance. Soil moisture is the key variable modulating the complex dynamics of the c...