First, is the issue of growing up gay in a very straight world. “Times have changed” over the past number of years, evidenced by the recent open proclamation of her homosexuality by Ellen DeGeneres on television (although it may be many more years before a male lead does the same). However, we need only look at recent debates in the Ontario legislature on Bill 167, or at a federal level, regard...

One normally thinks that we stick together with others like us, and that we exclude others whose difference provokes antipathy towards them. I will argue that antipathy is more rooted in sameness than in difference. Consciously, we exclude others who are different, but unconsciously, we hate sameness, and avoid it by creating delusional differences. Hatred drives the projection of these delusio...

This paper looks at Thomas Szanto?s theory of hatred that suggests has an indeterminate affective focus and it derives its intensity from the commitment to attitude itself. Contrary theses, this claims hated properties are not necessarily fuzzy. On contrary, in many cases we can clearly reconstruct quasi-rational genesis hatred, by relying on deep structures behind social dynamics (as demonstra...

​ ​and ​ ​Project ​ ​Summary By​ ​the​ ​end ​ ​of ​ ​3rd ​ ​grade, ​ ​only ​ ​36% ​ ​of ​ ​American ​ ​students ​ ​can ​ ​read ​ ​proficiently ​ ​(2015 NAEP​ ​data) ​ ​and ​ ​among ​ ​low-income​ ​students, ​ ​the​ ​rate​ ​is ​ ​17% ​​ ​​(Hernandez​ ​8). ​ ​This ​ ​statistic​ ​is alarming ​ ​in ​ ​and ​ ​of ​ ​itself, ​ ​but​ ​particularly ​ ​so​ ​given ​ ​a​ ​recent​ ​study​ ​revealing ​ ​that...

This research examines how activists mobilise against fake hate profiles on Facebook. Based on six months of participant observation, the article demonstrates how Danish Facebook users organised to combat fictitious Muslim profiles that spurred hatred against ethnic minorities. The article concludes that crowdsourced action by Facebook users is insufficient as a form of sustainable resistance a...

We present a novel model capable of distinguishing between the effects of negative incentives (“sticks”) and positive incentives (“carrots”) for influencing the behavior of intelligent and adaptable adversaries. Utilities are developed for the defender and the terrorist. The defender is assumed to have a unit cost of defense, and unit costs of providing negative and positive incentives. The ter...