REQUESTED AMOUNT $ PROPOSED DURATION (1-60 MONTHS) months REQUESTED STARTING DATE SHOW RELATED PREPROPOSAL NO., IF APPLICABLE CHECK APPROPRIATE BOX(ES) IF THIS PROPOSAL INCLUDES ANY OF THE ITEMS LISTED BELOW BEGINNING INVESTIGATOR (GPG 1.A.3) DISCLOSURE OF LOBBYING ACTIVITIES (GPG II.D.1) PROPRIETARY & PRIVILEGED INFORMATION (GPG II.D.10) NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT (GPG II.D.10) HISTORIC...

The mechanism for picking guards in Tor suffers from security problems like guard fingerprinting and from performance issues. To address these issues, Hayes and Danezis proposed the use of guard sets, in which the Tor system groups all guards into sets, and each client picks one of these sets and uses its guards. Unfortunately, guard sets frequently need nodes added or they are broken up due to...

The modulation of guard cell function is the basis of stomatal closure, essential for optimizing water use and CO2 uptake by leaves. Nitric oxide (NO) in guard cells plays a very important role as a secondary messenger during stomatal closure induced by effectors, including hormones. For example, exposure to abscisic acid (ABA) triggers a marked increase in NO of guard cells, well before stomat...

The usual approach to mitigate multiple access interference (MAI) in the uplink of cellular OFDMA based systems is to use relatively large cyclic prefixes as time domain guard periods. In this paper, we suggest to use a combination of short time domain guard periods and frequency domain guard bands to protect against MAI instead. Guard bands can be added and removed as necessary and, thus, incr...

REQUESTED AMOUNT $ PROPOSED DURATION (1-60 MONTHS) months REQUESTED STARTING DATE SHOW RELATED PRELIMINARY PROPOSAL NO. IF APPLICABLE CHECK APPROPRIATE BOX(ES) IF THIS PROPOSAL INCLUDES ANY OF THE ITEMS LISTED BELOW BEGINNING INVESTIGATOR (GPG I.A) DISCLOSURE OF LOBBYING ACTIVITIES (GPG II.C) PROPRIETARY & PRIVILEGED INFORMATION (GPG I.B, II.C.6) HISTORIC PLACES (GPG II.C.9) SMALL GRANT FOR EXP...

Suppose that you are competing in a two-player game in which you and your opponent attempt to pack as many “prisoners” as possible on the squares of an n×n checkerboard; each prisoner has to be “protected” by an appropriate number of guards. Initially, the board is covered entirely with guards. The players – designated as “red” and “blue” – take turns adjusting the board configuration using one...

This paper investigates the performance of digital pulse interval modulation (DPIM) in the presence of multipath propagation and additive white Gaussian noise. To combat intersymbol interference (ISI) guard slots and a non-linear equaliser have been introduced. The average optical power requirements (AOPR) due to ISI for cases with/without guard slots and with equaliser are analysed using a cei...

REQUESTED AMOUNT $ PROPOSED DURATION (1-60 MONTHS) months REQUESTED STARTING DATE SHOW RELATED PREPROPOSAL NO., IF APPLICABLE CHECK APPROPRIATE BOX(ES) IF THIS PROPOSAL INCLUDES ANY OF THE ITEMS LISTED BELOW BEGINNING INVESTIGATOR (GPG I.A) DISCLOSURE OF LOBBYING ACTIVITIES (GPG II.C) PROPRIETARY & PRIVILEGED INFORMATION (GPG I.B, II.C.6) NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT (GPG II.C.9) HISTORIC ...

REQUESTED AMOUNT $ PROPOSED DURATION (1-60 MONTHS) months REQUESTED STARTING DATE SHOW RELATED PRELIMINARY PROPOSAL NO. IF APPLICABLE CHECK APPROPRIATE BOX(ES) IF THIS PROPOSAL INCLUDES ANY OF THE ITEMS LISTED BELOW BEGINNING INVESTIGATOR (GPG I.A) DISCLOSURE OF LOBBYING ACTIVITIES (GPG II.C) PROPRIETARY & PRIVILEGED INFORMATION (GPG I.B, II.C.1.d) HISTORIC PLACES (GPG II.C.2.j) SMALL GRANT FOR...

What are guard cells? A pair of guard cells surrounds each stoma on the leaf surface. Stomata are important because they regulate the uptake of CO 2 from the atmosphere for photosynthesis and also the loss of water vapour from the plant during transpiration. The aperture of the stomatal pore is controlled by the two guard cells. When the guard cells are fully turgid the pore gapes open, whereas...