The presence of bubbles in the markets and its formation has been regarded by economists and they have been looking to develop methods that can be recognized by using appropriate method for the formation of bubbles. In this paper, first, the formation of bubbles is tested using the new unit root test known as Phillips test (Generalized Sup ADF test) for 50 companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange...

introduction: continuous fluctuations in the prices of agricultural commodities have a significant effect on the situation of countries, especially developing countries in the world. in the short term, the impact of price shocks on imports of agricultural commodities and balance of payments and foreign exchange reserves is considerable in developing countries and it has negative effects on soci...