In biopharmaceutical production, the optimization of cell culture media and supplementation is a vital element of process development. Optimization is usually achieved through the screening of multiple media, feed and feeding strategies. However, most screening is performed in shake flasks, which makes the screening process very time consuming and inefficient. The use of small scale culture sys...

OBJECTIVE To compare bioresorbable plates with titanium plates for treatment of mandibular fractures. STUDY DESIGN Randomized controlled trial. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi, from January to December 2010. METHODOLOGY Patients with mandibular fracture were randomly divided in to two groups. The contro...

This paper deals with 21 species of Hishimonus Ishihara and two species of Litura Knight from the Indian subcontinent. The following new species are described: Hishimonus acuminatus sp. nov. (India: Mizoram), H. distinctus sp. nov. (India: Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu. Sri Lanka), H. dwipae sp. nov. (Sri Lanka), H. longisetosus sp. nov. (India: Karnataka), H. spicans sp. nov. (India: Karnataka...

Seven species of Hishimonus Ishihara are recorded in Thailand, four of which were previously recorded from neighbouring countries and three new species described herein: Hishimonus pallidus sp. nov., H. diffractus sp. nov. and H. gillespiei sp. nov. The other four species are H. concavus Knight, previously known from the Philippines, H. subtilis Knight recorded from Singapore, H. aberrans Knigh...

BACKGROUND Prolonged cis-retinoic acid (RA) exposure contributes to premature epiphyseal closure. cis-RA is administered in various treatment regimens for pediatric cancers, thus increasing the risk for bone deformities and compromised growth. RESULTS We present a case of premature epiphyseal closure in a 9-year-old female with a history of medulloblastoma and treatment with a multimodal regi...

Fetuin-A / α2-Heremans-Schmid-glycoprotein (gene name Ahsg) is a systemic inhibitor of ectopic calcification. Due to its high affinity for calcium phosphate, fetuin-A is highly abundant in mineralized bone matrix. Foreshortened femora in fetuin-A-deficient Ahsg-/- mice indicated a role for fetuin-A in bone formation. We studied early postnatal bone development in fetuin-A-deficient mice and dis...

Microscopy imaging of mouse growth plates is extensively used in biology to understand the effect of specific molecules on various stages of normal bone development and on bone disease. Until now, such image analysis has been conducted by manual detection. In fact, when existing automated detection techniques were applied, morphological variations across the growth plate and heterogeneity of im...

We used a rabbit model to investigate the mechanism by which the angulation of fractures is corrected in children. We produced a transverse proximal tibial fracture in one leg of 12 eight-week-old New Zealand white rabbits and measured bone alignment and length and the patterns of bone growth and remodelling. The angle between the joint surfaces changed rapidly to correct the alignment of the l...

BACKGROUND The Icelandic horse is a pristine breed of horse which has a pure gene pool established more than a thousand years ago, and is approximately the same size as living and extinct wild breeds of horses. This study was performed to compare the length of the skeletal growth period of the "primitive" Icelandic horse relative to that reported for large horse breeds developed over the recent...