The current study presents a new locomotion interface that allows users to engage into a life-like walking experience within virtual environments while sensing and feeling terrain’s topology such as slopes and uneven ground surfaces. The interface is composed of a turntable as walking platform within which four load sensors are embedded to track user’s walking actions. Virtual ground surface is...

Usually, filtering is performed in order to extract a ground surface from laser points obtained with the airborne laser scanner. It mainly removes the laser points that were measured as trees surface. However, in the dense forest where trees are grown thick, we can see the part of the laser points has not reached to the ground surface. If it conducted the filtering that sorts out the laser poin...

Numerical investigation was performed on NACA 0015 which is a symmetric airfoil. Pressure distribution and then lift and drag forces are verified. Changing of ground clearance was a considerable point. Also the angle of attack was changed from 0° to 10°. Pressure coefficient reaches its higher amounts on the wing lower surface when the ground clearance diminishes. Increment of the angle of atta...

Introduction: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation affects human organs such as skin, eyes and immune system, as well as animals and plants. The main natural source of UV radiation is the Sun. To study the effects of solar UV radiation there is a need to quantify variations of solar energy received on the earth surface at different intervals. Materials and Methods: To measure UV radiation a broadband fib...

Objective: In recent years, farmers have shown great interest to using native drill planter rather than complex planters to grow vegetables. Methods: In this study, we tested a native planter Independent variables were the two types of substrate surface (asphalt and plowed field), three ground speed (3, 5 and 7 kph) and four types of seeds (tomatoes, onions, radishes and lettuce). Dependent var...