As energy overuse and generated pollution have a potential threat to our environmental ecological conditions, many researchers taken the initiative way join green campaign prevent more damage environment. This paper investigates main contributions related vehicle routing problem (Green-VRP) presents classification scheme based on its variants considered in scientific literature, particular, thr...

in this paper we address the vrpcd, in which a set of homogeneous vehicles are used to transport products from the suppliers to customers via a cross-dock. the products can be consolidated at the cross-dock but cannot be stored for very long as the cross-dock does not have long-term inventory-holding capabilities. the objective of the vrpcd is to minimize the total traveled distance while respe...

the vehicle routing problem with backhauls (vrpb) as an extension of the classical vehicle routing prob-lem (vrp) attempts to define a set of routes which services both linehaul customers whom product are to be delivered and backhaul customers whom goods need to be collected. a primary objective for the problem usually is minimizing the total distribution cost. most real-life problems have othe...

customer service level is of prime importance in today competitive world and has various dimensions with delivery quality being one of the most important ones. delivery quality has several parameters such as deliver time window options, time window size, etc. in this paper we focus on one of these parameters, namely time window setting. it has a direct impact upon customer satisfaction and busi...

In recent years, great efforts have been made to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by vehicles. Petroleum products produces greenhouse gas emissions, therefore reducing the use of these products can make a major contribution to reducing pollution. The Fleet Size and Mix Vehicle Routing Problem is one of the most widely used routing branches. In this problem, there are vehicle with different capac...

In this article, multiple-product PVRP with pickup and delivery that is used widely in goods distribution or other service companies, especially by railways, was introduced. A mathematical formulation was provided for this problem. Each product had a set of vehicles which could carry the product and pickup and delivery could simultaneously occur. To solve the problem, two meta-heuristic methods...