We propose a feasible laboratory interferometry experiment with matter waves in a gravitational potential caused by a pair of artificial field-generating masses. It will demonstrate that the presence of these masses (and, for moving atoms, time dilation) induces a phase shift, even if it does not cause any classical force. The phase shift is identical to that produced by the gravitational redsh...

In the context of a gauge theory for the translation group, we have obtained , for a spinless particle, a gravitational analog of the Lorentz force. Then, we have shown that this force equation can be rewritten in terms of magnitudes related to either the teleparallel or the riemannian structures induced in spacetime by the presence of the gravitational field. In the first case, it gives a forc...

The gravitational force on antimatter has never been directly measured, largely because electromagnetic forces overwhelm gravitational forces and no form of low-energy neutral antimatter has been available. However, the technology to make low-energy antihydrogen is currently being developed. We have designed an atomic interferometer that can measure the force of gravity on hydrogen or antihydro...

Diamagnetic samples placed in a strong magnetic field and a magnetic field gradient experience a magnetic force. Stable magnetic levitation occurs when the magnetic force exactly counter balances the gravitational force. Under this condition, a diamagnetic sample is in a simulated microgravity environment. The purpose of this study is to explore if MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells can be grown in ma...

In the context of a gauge theory for the translation group, we have obtained , for a spinless particle, a gravitational analog of the Lorentz force. Then, we have shown that this force equation can be rewritten in terms of magnitudes related to either the teleparallel or the riemannian structures induced in spacetime by the presence of the gravitational field. In the first case, it gives a forc...

In this paper, we point out that the Coulomb’s force and gravitational force on a particle always act in the direction orthogonal to the 4-vector velocity of the particle in 4-dimensional space-time, rather than along the line joining a couple of particles. This inference is obviously supported from the fact that the magnitude of the 4-vector velocity is kept constant.This orthogonal relation t...

In general relativity the gravitational field is a manifestation of spacetime curvature and unlike the electromagnetic field is not a force field. A particle falling in a gravitational field is represented by a geodesic worldline which means that no force is acting on it. If the particle is at rest in a gravitational field, however, its worldline is no longer geodesic and it is subjected to a f...

The gas dynamics equations, coupled with a static gravitational field, admit the hydrostatic balance where the flux produced by the pressure is exactly canceled by the gravitational source term. Many astrophysical problems involve the hydrodynamical evolution in a gravitational field, therefore it is essential to correctly capture the effect of gravitational force in the simulations. Improper t...

We present new weak lensing observations of 1E0657−558 (z = 0.296), a unique cluster merger, that enable a direct detection of dark matter, independent of assumptions regarding the nature of the gravitational force law. Due to the collision of two clusters, the dissipationless stellar component and the fluid-like X-ray emitting plasma are spatially segregated. By using both wide-field ground ba...

The main objective of this article is to explore the duality of strong interaction based on a new field equations of strong interaction. The field equations are derived by applying the principle of interaction dynamics (PID) and principle of representation invariance (PRI) to a standard QCD SU(3) gauge action functional. Intuitively, PID amounts to taking the variation of the action functional ...