Aminoglycosides are one of the clinically relevant antibiotics. They kill bacteria by binding to bacterial 30S subunit of ribosome. Resistance to aminoglycosides occurs by three different mechanisms: 1. Production of an enzyme that modifies aminoglycosides, 2. Impaired entry of aminoglycoside into the cell by altering the OMP permeability, decreasing inner membrane transport, or active efflux, ...

The in vitro activity of minocycline against 1,028 bacterial strains was determined in parallel in Mueller Hinton Agar and Trypticase Soy Agar. The broad antibacterial effect of minocycline against gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli is confirmed. Minimal inhibitory concentrations for gram-positive bacteria in Mueller Hinton Agar were at least twofold less than in Trypticase Soy Agar....

OBJECTIVE To determine the correlation of Gram staining with the culture of bronchoalveolar lavage in patients with clinical features of ventilator-associated pneumonia from two adult trauma and surgical intensive care units. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 252 samples of bronchoalveolar lavage from patients with clinical ventilator-associated pneumonia in trauma or surgical pos...

The production of β-lactamase enzymes is the main mechanism of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics in gramnegative bacilli. Therefore, it is important to identify the β-lactamases-producing bacteria for the treatment of caused infections. This article aimed to review the recent literature and guidelines regarding phenotypic detection of β-lactamases in common gram-negative bacilli in clinical sa...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In order to reduce the turnaround time for laboratory diagnosis of bacteremia, the efficacy of identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing using samples taken directly from positive BacT/ALERT standard aerobic and standard anaerobic blood culture bottles was evaluated. METHODS 160 positive blood culture bottles were examined and incubated at 35 degrees C in ...

BACKGROUND Lower respiratory tract infections are among important causes of morbidity and mortality for all age groups. The emergence of multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacilli is an issue of increasing concern. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study including respiratory specimens (sputum and BAL) was conducted in our tertiary care centre. Samples were processed for microscopy, cultur...