For any coded system the optimal decoder has to use a metric which is proportional to the log likelihood-ratio of the channel. To simplify the decoding process, the metric is required to have an additivity property, and to take on values from a finite set which are not always matched to the channel. The Generalized R , (GR) in this case is a function of the decoder set of memcs, the channel tra...

There are two methods for identifying formation interface in oil wells: core analysis, which is a precise approach but costly and time consuming, and well logs analysis, which petrophysists perform, which is subjective and not completely reliable. In this paper, a novel coupled method was proposed to detect the formation interfaces using GR logs. Second approximation level (a2) of GR log gained...

Let S be a set of n points in a metric space, let R = {Rp : p ∈ S} be a set of positive real numbers, and let GR be the undirected graph with vertex set S in which {p, q} is an edge if and only if |pq| ≤ min(Rp, Rq). The interference of a point q of S is defined to be the number of points p ∈ S \ {q} with |pq| ≤ Rp. For the case when S is a subset of the Euclidean space R, Halldórsson and Tokuy...

Refrigerated ready-to-eat (RTE) meats contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes were implicated in several listeriosis outbreaks. Lactate and diacetate have been shown to control L. monocytogenes in RTE meats. The objective of this study was to examine and model the effect of lactate (1.0% to 4.2%) and diacetate (0.05% to 0.2%) in ground ham on the lag phase duration (LPD, h) and growth rate (GR...

Aldosterone controls sodium balance by regulating an epithelial sodium channel (ENaC)-mediated sodium transport along the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron, which expresses both mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR). Mineralocorticoid specificity is ensured by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, which metabolizes cortisol or corticosterone into inactive metabolites...

Each Gr-category (or categorical group) is Gr-equivalent to a Grcategory of type (Π, A, ξ), where Π is a group, A is a Π-module and ξ is a 3-cocycle of Π, with coefficients in A. In this paper, first we show that each Gr-functor induces one between Gr-categories of type (Π, C). Then we give results on the existence of Gr-functor and the classification of Gr-functors by cohomology groups H(Π, C)...

Abstract Reactive synthesis is an automated procedure to obtain a correct-by-construction reactive system from its temporal logic specification. GR(1) expressive assume-guarantee fragment of LTL that enables efficient and has been recently used in different contexts application domains. A common form providing system's requirements through use cases, which are existential nature. However, GR(1)...