BACKGROUND Low selenium status in pregnancy has been associated with a number of adverse conditions. In nonpregnant populations, the selenium status or response to supplementation has been associated with polymorphisms in dimethylglycine dehydrogenase (DMGDH), selenoprotein P (SEPP1) and the glutathione peroxidases [cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) and phospholipid glutathione peroxidase...

Background: Low selenium status in pregnancy has been associated with a number of adverse conditions. In nonpregnant populations, the selenium status or response to supplementation has been associated with polymorphisms in dimethylglycine dehydrogenase (DMGDH), selenoprotein P (SEPP1) and the glutathione peroxidases [cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) and phospholipid glutathione peroxidas...

AIMS We aimed to investigate the clinical significance of GPx3 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to characterize its tumor suppressive role. METHODS HCC patients (113) who underwent hepatectomy were recruited to examine the clinical relevance of GPx3. The tumor suppressive role of GPx3 was studied by administration of recombinant GPx3 (rGPx3) or over-expression of GPx3 in HCC cells in vit...

AIMS As Candida albicans is the major fungal pathogen of humans, there is an urgent need to understand how this pathogen evades toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by the host immune system. A key regulator of antioxidant gene expression, and thus ROS resistance, in C. albicans is the AP-1-like transcription factor Cap1. Despite this, little is known regarding the intracellular signal...

A redox reaction involving cysteine thiol-disulfide exchange is crucial for the intracellular monitoring of oxidation status. The yeast transcription factor Yap1 is activated by formation of a disulfide bond, which inhibits nuclear export in response to peroxide stress, with resultant enhancement of the nuclear localization of Yap1. A glutathione peroxidase-like protein, Gpx3, which has peroxir...

Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is a family of antioxidant enzymes that reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby constituting a primary defence system against oxidative stress. Of the five characterised isoforms of GPx found in mammals, GPx1 is the predominant intracellular form and GPx3 is the predominant form found in the extracellular space1. Experimental studies have demonstrated that def...

BACKGROUND Glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3) is a selenocysteine-containing antioxidant enzyme that reacts with hydrogen peroxide and soluble fatty acid hydroperoxides, thereby helping to maintain redox balance within cells. Serum levels of GPX3 have been found to be reduced in various cancers including prostrate, thyroid, colorectal, breast and gastric cancers. Intriguingly, GPX3 has been report...

The GPX1, GPX2, and GPX3 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been reported previously to encode glutathione peroxidases (GPxs). We re-examined the sequence alignments of these proteins with GPxs from higher eukaryotes. Sequence identities, particularly with phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidases (PHGPxs), were enhanced markedly by introduction to the yeast sequences of gaps that ...