We give the detailed analyses for the gluonic-penguin effect on the Kπ and ππ decays of the B meson. In the standard model, it is shown that the ratio BR(B → Kπ)/BR(B → ππ) takes the value 0.5 ∼ 3.0 with the strongly depending on the CP violating phase φ and the KM matrix element |Vub|. We obtain the constraint on the form factor by using the experimental branching ratio. It is also found that,...

We discuss the effects of so-called gluonic poles in twist-three hadronic matrix elements, as first considered by Qiu and Sterman, in the Drell-Yan process. These effects cannot be distinguished from those of timereversal odd distribution functions, although time-reversal invariance is not broken by the presence of gluonic poles. Both gluonic poles and time-reversal odd distribution functions c...

A numerical analysis of several phases in the cold neutral two flavor dense quark matter is realized. In the analysis, besides the normal, single plane wave LOFF, and color superconducting 2SC/g2SC phases, we also include two gluonic phases (the gluonic cylindrical phase II and the gluonic color-spin locked one). It is shown that these two gluonic phases are dynamically realized and, on the bas...

Antarctica is considered a relatively uncontaminated region with regard to the infectious diseases because of its extreme environment, and isolated geography. For the genetic characterization and molecular epidemiology of the newly found penguin adenovirus in Antarctica, entire genome sequencing and annual survey of penguin adenovirus were conducted. The entire genome sequences of penguin adeno...

The influence of strong and electroweak penguin amplitudes in B/B̄ → ππ is investigated in connection with the determination of the unitarity triangle angle α of the CKM matrix. A relation between the observable asymmetry, the angle α, and the penguin amplitude is established. A model calculation of the penguin amplitude shows that the CP asymmetry in B → ππ decays is only mildly influenced by t...

The existence of glueballs is predicted in QCD, the lightest one with quantum numbers J = 0, but different calculations do not well agree on its mass in the range below 1800 MeV. Several theoretical schemes have been proposed to cope with the experimental data which often have considerable uncertainties. Further experimental studies of the scalar meson sector are therefore important and we disc...

In this article I report on new and updated measurements of the CP-violating parameter β (φ1), which is related to the phase of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark-mixing matrix of the electroweak interaction. Over the past few years, β has become the most precisely known parameter of the CKM unitarity triangle that governs the B system. The results presented here were produced by the two...