Abstract The distribution and interannual variation in the winter halocline upper layers of World Ocean were investigated via analyses hydrographic data from Database 2013 using a simple definition halocline. A was generally observed tropics, equatorward portions subtropical regions, subarctic North Pacific, Southern Ocean. strong tended to occur areas where sea surface salinity (SSS) low. stre...

in this study, estimation of global and diffuse solar radiations of selected cities in nigeria was carried out to assess the feasibility of solar energy utilization. the results of this work show the variation of direct and diffuse component of solar radiation in summer and winter months. the contribution of diffuse solar radiation is high during the monsoon months whereas sky conditions are cl...

Deserts are important landscapes on the earth and their variations have impacts global climate through feedback processes. However, there is a limited understanding of climatic controls spatial temporal deserts. Here, we use reanalysis datasets, land use/land cover (LULC) products CMIP6 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project) model outputs to calculate changing deserts during 1982–2020, estimat...