Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), an immunosuppressive monokine that increases intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels, stimulated Candida albicans germ tube formation. Dibutyryl cAMP (dB-cAMP) and isoproterenol, other compounds that increase cAMP levels, also stimulated germination. Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), a product of cellular immune system activation, inhibited Candida germ tube formation, even ...

The human fungal pathogen Candida albicans shows a significant lag in growth when diluted into fresh minimal medium. This lag is abolished by the addition of conditioned medium from a high-density culture. The active component of conditioned medium is tyrosol, which is released into the medium continuously during growth. Under conditions permissive for germ-tube formation, tyrosol stimulates th...

Germ tube emergence in filamentous fungi appears to be similar to bud emergence in yeast. Several key proteins (e.g. Cdc42, septins, Bni1 formin, Rho1 and Rho3) play common roles in polarity establishment and early polarity maintenance in both processes. Although germ tube extension, which can be thought of as extreme polarity maintenance, uses some of the same genes, they are likely to be regu...

background: introduction of the rna interference (rnai) machinery has guided the researchers to discover the function of essential vital or virulence factor genes in the microorganisms such as fungi. in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans, the gene sidb plays an essential role in septation, conidiation and vegetative hyphal growth. in the present study, we benefited from the rnai strate...

background and aim: about 20% of non-pregnant women aged 15 to 55 harbour candida albicans in the vagina .the aimed to determine the characterization of candida species isolated from women with vulvovaginitis candidates (vvc) of reproductive ages. methods: this descriptive study was conducted on 280 of who were selected for gathering samples by purposive sampling based on their history and char...

Preinfection development in Colletotrichum spp. exhibits three morphologies (conidia, germ tubes, and appressoria) and is directed by a complex interplay of environmental signals. Germ tube morphogenesis for Colletotrichum trifolii and the related fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. aeschynomene was shown to be partially dependent on a balance between self-germination inhibitors and en...

In response to a wide variety of environmental stimuli, the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans exits the budding cycle, producing germ tubes and hyphae concomitant with expression of virulence genes, such as that encoding hyphal wall protein 1 (HWP1). Biochemical studies implicate cyclic AMP (cAMP) increases in promoting bud-hypha transitions, but genetic evidence relating genes tha...

In response to stimulants, such as serum, the yeast cells of the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans form germ tubes, which develop into hyphae. Yvh1p, one of the 29 protein phosphatases encoded in the C. albicans genome, has 45% identity with the dual-specific phosphatase Yvh1p of the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this study, Yvh1p expression was not observed during the i...

Fusarium graminearum (teleomorph Gibberella zeae) is a significant pathogen of wheat and corn. F. graminearum forms multicellular macroconidia that play an important role in dissemination of the disease. The spatial pattern of morphogenesis in germinating macroconidia is described. Germ tubes preferentially emerge from the apical cells in a bipolar pattern that appears to be common to filamento...