The germ cell nuclear factor (GCNF) is a member of the nuclear receptor super family of transcription factors. GCNF expression during gastrulation and neurulation is critical for normal embryogenesis in mice. GCNF represses expression of the POU domain transcription factor Oct4 during mouse post-implantation development in vivo. Oct4 is thus down-regulated during female gonadal development, whe...

In this report we present a case ofprimary yolk sac tumour of the anterior mediastinum in which two dimensional echocardiography showed an extracardiac mass simulating a large pericardial effusion. Mediastinal yolk sac tumour is a rare germ cell neoplasm affecting mainly young men.' The most common presenting symptoms are dyspnoea, cough, and chest pain.2 The prognosis is usually poor, though i...

Germ cell tumors (GCT) account for the 95% of the malignancies associated with testes. They are the most common solid malignancies affecting the males in the age group of 15-35 years. It is known to be bilateral in 3% of cases. We herein present FDG PET-CT findings of a case with biopsy proven GCT with multiple lymph nodal and splenic metastases mimicking lymphomatous neoplasm.

background: recent publications about differentiation of stem cells to germ cells have motivated researchers to make new approaches to infertility. in vitro production of germ cells improves understanding differentiation process of male and female germ cells. due to the problem of using embryonic stem cells (esc), it’s necessary the mentioned cells be replaced with some adult multi-potent stem ...

We here describe a case of solitary basaloid follicular hamartoma (BFH) : the case developing in company with senile lentigo on the nose. BFH is a relatively rare benign follicular neoplasm of undetermined etiology. Histologically, the specimen consisted of small-sized squamoid or basaloid cells and follicular germ-like cells in the periphery of the tumor nests. There were no infundibular cysts...

Cardiac metastasis of germ cell tumors is extremely rare, particularly in females. We report a case of a 26-year-old previously healthy woman who presented with a 5-month history of abdominal pain, weight loss, fever, generalized lymphadenopathy, and acanthosis nigricans. Biopsy of cervical lymph nodes revealed a poorly differentiated neoplasm. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for alph...

Background: Germ cell development processes are influenced by soluble factors and intercellular signaling events between them and the neighboring somatic cells. More insight into the molecular biology of the germ cell development from embryonic stem (ES) cells and investigation of appropriate factors, specifically those targeting differentiation process, is of great importance. In this study, w...

testicular cancer typically spreads to the lymph nodes, but hematogenous dissemination to distant organs can also occur. bone metastasis is uncommon and is thought to be a poor prognostic indicator. jaw metastasis is exceedingly rare but is of great clinical significance, since it may be the first sign of an occult testicular cancer or the first evidence of relapse of a known tumor. herein, we ...

some cases of male infertility are due to the destructive side-effects of anticancer treatment methods such as chemo and radiotherapies on germ cell lines. the increase in the survival rate of cancer patients who undergo treatment, especially children, has drawn attention to fertility preservation. the most common and effective technique in preserving male fertility is sperm freezing and its su...