Geometric morphometrics is an approach that has been increasingly applied in studies with insects. A limiting factor of this technique is that some mosquitoes have wings with dark spots or many scales, which jeopardizes the visualization of landmarks for morphometric analysis. Recently, in some studies, chemically treatment (staining) of the wings was used to improve the viewing of landmarks. I...

Variation in floral shape is of major interest to evolutionary and pollination biologists, plant systematists and developmental geneticists. Quantifying this variation has been difficult due to the three-dimensional (3D) complexity of angiosperm flowers. By combining 3D geometric representations of flowers obtained by micro-computed tomography scanning with geometric morphometric methods, well ...

allometric growth pattern and body shape changes of the green terror (andinoacara rivulatus)(cichlidae) were studied using landmark-based geometric morphometric (gm) and traditional methods, from hatching up to 1266 hours post hatching (hph) under culture conditions. the left side of specimens were photographed using digital camera and morphometric characters, including total length, head lengt...

Allometric growth pattern and body shape changes of the Green terror (Andinoacara rivulatus)(Cichlidae) were studied using landmark-based geometric morphometric (GM) and traditional methods, from hatching up to 1266 Hours Post Hatching (HPH) under culture conditions. The left side of specimens were photographed using digital camera and morphometric characters, including total length, head lengt...

Bordes’ typology has been in use for many years and is widely applied studies of Early Middle Palaeolithic stone tools, especially vocabulary typological classification shaping artefacts (mainly flake tools handaxes). However, over the years, this method received different critiques, regarding arbitrariness subjectivism definition some artefacts. The application geometric morphometric methods (...