Evolutionary biologists have a long‐standing interest in how organisms vary geographically. This interest is motivated in part by recognition of a relationship between geographic variation and the process of speciation. Traits that vary over a given species’ range may serve as neutral, noncontributing indicators of the early stages of divergence, for example as different populations adapt to di...

Genetic structure of phytophagous insects has been widely studied, however, relative influence of the effect of geographic isolation, the host plant or both has been subject of considerable debate. Several studies carried out on bark beetles in the genus Dendroctonus evaluated these factors; nonetheless, recent evidence has shown that genetic structuring is a more complex process. Our goal was ...

Candida rugosa is a fungus that appears to be emerging as a cause of infection in some geographic regions. We utilized the extensive database of the ARTEMIS DISK Antifungal Surveillance Program to describe the geographic and temporal trends in the isolation of C. rugosa from clinical specimens and the in vitro susceptibilities of 452 isolates to fluconazole and voriconazole. C. rugosa accounted...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dispersal and establishment ability can influence evolutionary processes such as geographic isolation, adaptive divergence and extinction probability. Through these population-level dynamics, dispersal ability may also influence macro-evolutionary processes such as species distributions and diversification. This study examined patterns of evolution of dispersal-related fruit...

Limestone karsts in southern China are characterized by high edaphic and topographic heterogeneity and host high levels of species richness and endemism. However, the evolutionary mechanisms for generating such biodiversity remain poorly understood. Here, we performed species delimitation, population genetic analyses, simulations of gene flow and analyses of floral morphological traits to infer...

The population genetic structures of Culex pipiens Linnaeus were evaluated in China over a 2000 km transect that encompasses the two subspecies, C. p. pallens and C. p. quinquefasciatus. Four polymorphic allozyme loci were investigated in 1376 mosquitoes sampled from 20 populations across four provinces. These loci were not statistically dependent with no apparent heterozygote deficit or excess...