Genotoxic exposure to chemical substances is common, and nursing mothers could transmit harmful substances or their metabolites to their offspring through breast milk. We explored the possibility of determining genotoxic effects in the erythrocytes of breastfeeding rat pups whose mothers received a genotoxic compound while nursing. Ten groups of female rats and five pups per dam were studied. T...

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) constitute a family of over one hundred compounds and can generally be found in complex mixtures. PAHs metabolites cause DNA damage which can lead to the development of carcinogenesis. Toxicity assessment of PAH complex mixtures is currently expressed in terms of toxic equivalents, based on Toxicity Equivalent Factors (TEFs). However, the definition of ne...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate potential genotoxic/antigenotoxic, mutagenic/antimutagenic, and carcinogenic/anticarcinogenic effect Amorpha fruticosa (AF) fruit, Ailanthus altissima bark hexane (AAEH) methanol (AAEM) extracts on a model system Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Plants were identified extracted by Ekaterina Kozuharova. Three concentrations each extract tested – 10, 100 1000...

cydonia oblonga mill. (quince) is a member of rosaceae family that widely used in iranian traditional medicine. this plant contains large amounts of flavonoids and polyphenols and has antioxidant, antibacterial, free radical scavenging and several other effects. this study was undertaken to evaluate the genotoxic and genoprotective effects of hydroalcoholic and polyphenolic extracts of quince o...

In our previous paper we examined mutagenic and genotoxic activity of 4 α-asarone isomers 2-5 exhibiting relatively high hypolipidemic activity. In the present paper, we examined genotoxic activity of αasarone and its isomers as the ability to damage cellular DNA, evaluated in the comet assay. Additionally, mutagenic activity of α-asarone in Ames test has been examined. The Ames test for α-asar...

Isothiocyanates are the most intensively studied breakdown products of glucosinolates from Brassica plants and well recognized for their pleiotropic effects against cancer but also for their genotoxic potential. However, knowledge about the bioactivity of glucosinolate-borne nitriles in foods is very poor. As determined by GC-MS, broccoli glucosinolates mainly degrade to nitriles as breakdown p...

Barbara McClintock was the first to suggest that transposons are a source of genome instability and that genotoxic stress assisted in their mobilization. The generation of double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) is a severe form of genotoxic stress that threatens the integrity of the genome, activates cell cycle checkpoints, and, in some cases, causes cell death. Applying McClintock's stress hypothes...

lovastatin as a member of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a (hmg-coa) reductase inhibitors is used as a lipid-lowering agent. it can also inhibit the formation of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion and finally leads to decline in oxidative stress processes. here, we evaluated whether lovastatin can increase dna damage resistance of hepg2 cells against genotoxicity of the anticancer drug...

In the pharmaceutical industry, genotoxic drug substances are developed for life-threatening indications such as cancer. Healthy employees handle these substances during research, development, and manufacturing; therefore, safe handling of genotoxic substances is essential. When an adequate preclinical dataset is available, a risk-based decision related to exposure controls for manufacturing is...