Abstract Background Urethral duplication is a very uncommon congenital anomaly that predominantly affects males. This condition distinguished by the presence of two urethras, which might be incomplete or complete. The diagnosis urethral important, and missing this leads to delayed surgical correction patients. Voiding cysto-urethrography an important diagnostic method diagnose can provide stand...

Two to three percent of all infants are born with a major congenital anomaly. Often these children are born to parents who did not have any known increase in risk for bearing children with such anomalies. In recent decades the possibilities for primary prevention and for intervention after prenatal diagnosis have increased. Different countries have developed divergent policies in this respect, ...

Intersex is an anomaly in the reproductive system, which characterizes animals that have ambiguity genital system. The documented report of a dog presented abnormalities external genitalia, with presence hemipenis its vulva. animal was submitted to hormone dosage progesterone, testosterone and estrogen. Imaging tests such as ultrasound X-rays were performed, exploratory celiotomy histopathology...

Müllerian anomalies are very common, and a frequent cause of infertility. The most used classification system until now, proposed by the American Society for Reproductive Medicine in 1988, categorizes comprehensively uterine anomalies but fails to classify defects of the cervix or vagina. This is based on a developmental theory that postulates that müllerian duct fusion is unidirectional, begin...

this study was carried out to compare the histomorphological structures of oviductal regionsof the apparently healthy adult laying hens (gallus gallus dometicus) and ducks (ansa ansadomesticus). for this purpose, 20 hens and 20 female ducks aged between 1–1.5 years were used.after euthanasia, the oviducts were dissected out and all of the gross morphometrical parametersincluding length, width a...

Background: Vaginal aplasia is a rare congenital anomaly with different surgical techniques suggested for vaginal reconstruction.McIndoe vaginoplasty is an easy one of these surgical methods with a low morbidity rate, but its long-term results need to be further investigated. Therefore, the female genital anatomy and sexual function was examined afte...

Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome, a congenital anomaly of the female genital tract, is characterized by vaginal agenesis, a rudimentary to absent uterus compromising the normal functions of the genital tract, thereby causing psychological trauma. This syndrome is estimated to occur in approximately 1 in every 4500 females [1]. Patients with vaginal agenesis in MRKH syndrome can be...

INTRODUCTION Many fetal malformations can occur because of maternal diabetes. However, ambiguous genital organs have never been reported as an associated finding in the literature. This is the first report of associated ambiguous genital organ and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia in a case of diabetic fetopathy. CASE PRESENTATION A 19-year-old Thai primigravida with familial history of diabetes ...

Aim: Hypospadias is a relatively common male genital anomaly that may be caused by anomalies in maternal hormone levels and/or blood glucose levels as well as nutritional deficiencies. Maternal obesity, which increases the risk of diabetes, may alter hormone levels, and may thereby be associated with risk of hypospadias. This study was designed to determine the impact of these risk factors on h...