linseed is an important oilseed and fibre crop predominantly grown in india. the aim of the present research was to evaluate genetic diversity and patterns of relationships among the 58 genotypes through 10 morphological traits and 12 polymorphic microsatellite (ssr) markers. euclidean analysis of agro-morphological traits grouped the 58 genotypes into four clusters of which cluster i was the l...

Castor (Ricinus communis L.) is one of the most ancient medicinal oil crops in the world. It has been vastly distributed in different parts of Iran. In the present study, the inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to evaluate the molecular genetic diversity among and within 12 castor accessions collected from 7 regions of Iran. Totally, 16 ISSR primers amplified 166 loci...

Genetic diversity as an important marker of the ecological status of aquatic ecosystems is considered a unique and powerful tool to evaluate biological communities. In order to evaluate the genetic diversity among golden mullet species (Liza aurata) in the southeast and southwest coasts of the Caspian Sea by D-Loop gene sequencing, a total of 23 fin specimens of golden mullet were collected fro...

Genetic diversity as an important marker of the ecological status of aquatic ecosystems is considered a unique and powerful tool to evaluate biological communities. In order to evaluate the genetic diversity among golden mullet species (Liza aurata) in the southeast and southwest coasts of the Caspian Sea by D-Loop gene sequencing, a total of 23 fin specimens of golden mullet were collected fro...

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most important legume crops in Iran. Wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri, is the most important soil-borne disease of chickpea in the world. This disease caused high losses in different regions during recent years. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) were used to estimate genetic diversity in 114 of F. oxysporum isolates from six counties...

It is hypothesized that a mapping of the biochemical properties of genetic nucleotides into the three dimensional R3 Clifford algebra will yield a novel and meaningful evolutionary distance measure. The nucleotides A,T,C,G are mapped according to three biochemical properties (amino/keto, purine/pyrimidine, weak/strong), resulting in four base-vectors. A weighted linear combination of the base-v...

Metric is one of the fundamental tools for understanding space. It gives induced topology to the space and it is the most basic way to provide the space with topology. Different metrics make different topologies. The shape of the space largely depends on its metric. In understanding genetic algorithms, metric is also basic and important. In genetic algorithms, a good distance measure not only h...

Various definitions of 'genetic distance' and 'frequency distance' are considered, together with the purposes for which they are used. There are at least seven simple definitions of 'genetic distance' which agree closely with each other and with a Mahalonobis-type D2 for qualitative characters, whereas other proposed definitions are mostly based on quite different approaches. The Mahalanobis-ty...