Because exoplanets are extremely dim, an electron multiplying charge-coupled device operating in photon counting (PC) mode is necessary to reduce the detector noise level and enable their detection. Typically, PC images added together as a co-added image before processing. We present signal detection estimation technique that works directly with individual images. The method based on generalize...

Fault detection based on comparing a batch of data with a model of the system using the generalized likelihood ratio test is considered. Careful treatment of the initial state of the model is quite important, in particular for short batch sizes. There are two standard approaches to this problem. One is based on a parity space, where the influence of initial state is removed by projection, and t...

A generalized likelihood ratio test is considered for testing acoustic environmental models with application to parameter inversion using an acoustic propagation code. In the following, we use the term \hierarchy of models" to denote a sequence of model structures M1;M2;... in which each particular model structure Mm contains all previous ones as special cases. We propose a combined parameter e...

Computer-based testing can be used to classify examinees into mutually exclusive groups. Currently, the predominant psychometric algorithm for designing computerized classification tests (CCTs) is the sequential probability ratio test (SPRT; Reckase, 1983) based on item response theory (IRT). The SPRT has been shown to be more efficient than confidence intervals around θ estimates as a method f...

I t is shown that the Wilks large sample likelihood ratio statistic An, for testing between composite hypotheses 0O <= Q1 on the basis of a sample of size n, behaves as n varies like a diffusion process related to an equilibrium OrnsteinUhlenbeck process, whenever the null hypothesis is true. This fact is used to construct large sample sequential tests based on An, which are the same whatever t...

The generalized likelihood ratio (GLR) test has been proposed by Fan, Zhang and Zhang (2001) as a generally applicable method to test parametric, semiparametric or nonparametric models against nonparametric alternatives. It is a natural extension of the maximum likelihood ratio test for a parametric model and fully inherits the advantages of classical likelihood ratio tests. Both true likelihoo...

The evaluation of vaccine safety involves pre-clinical animal studies, pre-licensure randomized clinical trials, and post-licensure safety studies. Sequential design and analysis are of particular interest because they allow early termination of the trial or quick detection that the vaccine exceeds a prescribed bound on the adverse event rate. After a review of the recent developments in this a...