Preferential trade agreements (PTAs) on services have proliferated since 2000. This working paper briefly presents the expansion of the dataset initially developed in Marchetti and Roy (2008). The data permits to assess the extent to which market access commitments undertaken by WTO Members in PTAs go beyond GATS commitments and offers made in the context of the Doha Development Agenda. The dat...

A growing debate on the imposition of digital services tax emerged as one latest trade war battlegrounds. Indonesia and European Union (EU) are among countries that have taken unilateral actions to implement tax. This paper examines (i) regulation in EU (ii) whether violates non-discrimination principles WTO according GATS. By comparing statutory practice EU, this work concludes firstly, is reg...

MARKET STRUCTURE, TRADE LIBERALIZATION AND THE GATS J.F. Francois and I. Wooton Abstract: In this paper we consider the impact of improved domestic market access for a foreign service provider. We emphasize the interaction between the different modes of market access commitments in services (cross-border and establishment) market structure, and regulation. We work with a model where the domesti...

When it comes to services traded through the international movement of individuals (mode 4), Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) have increasingly adopted trade-facilitating disciplines that both build upon and innovate GATS framework. By analysing relevant provisions RTAs, we are able identify trends commonalities in approach.

BACKGROUND Estimating the prevalence of hardcore smoking and identifying linked factors is fundamental to improve planning and implementation of effective tobacco control measures. Given the paucity of data on that topic, we aimed to assess the prevalence of and factors associated with hardcore smoking in Poland. METHODS We used data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS). GATS is a repr...