INTRODUCTION Considerable advances have been made to hydrogels with the development of faster swelling superporous hydrogels (SPHs). These new-generation hydrogels have large numbers of interconnected pores, giving them the capacity to absorb large amounts of water at an accelerated rate. This gives SPHs the ability to be used in a variety of novel drug delivery applications, such as gastric re...

Technological attempts have been made in the research and development of rate-controlled oral drug delivery systems to overcome physiological adversities, such as short gastric residence times (GRT) and unpredictable gastric emptying times (GET). Conventional oral dosage forms pose low bioavailability problems due to their rapid gastric transition from stomach, especially in case of drugs which...

Evidence suggests that distinct mechanisms underlie diabetic and idiopathic gastroparesis. Differences in gastric acid in gastroparesis of different etiologies and varying degrees of gastric stasis are uninvestigated. We tested the hypotheses that 1) gastric pH profiles show differential alteration in diabetic vs. idiopathic gastroparesis and 2) abnormal pH profiles relate to the severity of ga...

The objectives of the present investigation were 1) to study the effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on rat gastric emptying (GE) and 2) to investigate a possible involvement of the vagus nerve in the gastric action of LPS. Endotoxin from E. coli (strain 055:B5) was administered sc, ip or iv to male Wistar rats (220-280 g body weight) at a maximum dose of 50 micrograms/kg animal weight...

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the response of rats suffering from moderate renal insufficiency to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, or endotoxin). The study involved 48 eight-week-old male SPF Wistar rats (175-220 g) divided into two groups of 24 animals each. One group underwent 5/6 nephrectomy while the other was sham-operated. Two weeks after surgery, the animals were f...

The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which gastric layering and retention of a meal could be used to reduce appetite using the same caloric load. Liquid (control) and semi-solid (active) meals were produced with the same protein, fat, carbohydrate, and mass. These were fed to 10 volunteers on separate days in a crossover study, and subjective appetite ratings, gastric contents, ...

BACKGROUND Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) in adults is a disorder characterized by recurrent and stereotypic episodes of severe nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain separated by symptom-free intervals. Our goal was to investigate gastric emptying (GE) in CVS patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a retrospective study of 30 adult patients who met Rome III diagnostic criteria for CVS. Rapid GE...

The floating microsphere's purpose is to improve gastric retention time. Floating drug delivery systems are lower in bulk thickness than juice and remain on for a long period of time without impacting the gastric-emptying rate increasing bioavailability. Gastro-retentive microspheres particularly suitable continuous or late release oral formulations with blending versatility achieve various pat...

Zuojin Pill (ZJP), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, consists of Coptis chinensis Franch. and Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. in a ratio of 6:1 (w/w) and was first recorded in "Danxi's experiential therapy" for treating gastrointestinal disorders in the 15th century. However, the poor solubility of alkaloids from ZJP restricted the protective effect in treating gastritis and gastric ulce...