Understanding the sensitivity of gasoline demand to changes in prices and income has important implications for policies related to climate change, optimal taxation and national security, to name only a few. While the short-run price and income elasticities of gasoline demand in the United States have been studied extensively, the vast majority of these studies focus on consumer behavior in the...

The Gas to Gasoline (GTG) process includes conversion of natural, flare, and associated gas into synthetic fuels that can be compositionally upgraded and adjusted into different useful hydrocarbon fuels including gasoline, liquid petroleum gas (LPG), and fuel gas. Commonly, the GTG process involves three stages: 1) Synthesis gas (syngas) production unit 2) Methanol production unit 3) Methanol t...

The phaseout of leaded gasoline would be a significant step forward in the reduction of a major source of exposure; however, this undertaking , even if successful, will have limited public health impact if other sources of exposure are not substantially reduced. For instance, in Mexico City, after the introduction of unleaded gasoline in 1990, lead concentrations in air declined from 1.2 pg/m3 ...

Due to a scarcity of fossil fuel supplies and concerns about pollution, the use ethanol in gasoline has become priority automobile industry. This paper aims investigate effect different ethanol-gasoline blend ratios, namely E20 (% + % gasoline), E50 E75 (75% 25% gasoline) on 1.6 L turbocharged, 4-cylinder, 2017 Proton Preve Premium CFE CVT engine, where E0 (pure is taken as reference fuel. In a...

Gasoline taxes are widely perceived as the most efficient instrument for reducing gasoline consumption because they exploit all behavioral responses for reducing fuel use, including reduced driving and improved fuel economy. At present, however, higher fuel taxes are viewed as a political nonstarter. Pay-as-you-drive (PAYD) auto insurance, which involves replacing existing lump-sum premiums wit...

Gasoline engines remain a potential source of atmospheric pollution. Dual fuel combustion was under investigation to cope with exposure pollutants. Investigations on emission parameters and engine performance for single-cylinder four-stroke petrol are carried out using multicriteria decision-making method (MCDM). Bar charts constructed three in function temperature consumption different blends....

This study discusses the performance and exhaust emissions of a vehicle fueled with low content alcohol (ethanol and methanol) blends and pure gasoline. The vehicle tests were performed at wide-open throttle and at vehicle speeds of 40 km h 1, 60 km h 1, 80 km h 1 and 100 km h 1 by using an eddy current chassis dynamometer. The test results obtained with the use of alcoholegasoline blends (5 an...

Advances in analytical methods have led to the identification of several classes of organic chemicals that are associated with adverse environmental effects. Two such classes of organic chemicals, gasoline oxygenates and sex hormones, are used to illustrate challenges associated with the biodegradation of trace organic contaminants. Gasoline oxygenates can be present in groundwater, alone, or c...

_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Using national data on vehicles in operation, we examine long-run changes in scrappage patterns in passenger cars and light trucks in the United States between 1969 and 2014. We find that the average lifetime for passenger cars has increased from 12.2 to 15.6 years between 1970s and the 2000s. Our cent...