The adsorption of a recalcitrant fluoroaromatic compound, fluorobenzene (FB), onto granular activated carbon (GAC) was evaluated. The respective isotherm was obtained and the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson models were fitted to the experimental data, with the Redlich-Peterson model giving the best fitting. Freundlich model also provided a good fit but the Langmuir model could not ade...

Treatment of an azo dye, Reactive Black 5 (RB5) by combined electrocoagulation-activated carbon adsorption-microwave regeneration process was evaluated. The toxicity was also monitored by the Vibrio fischeri light inhibition test. GAC of 100 g L(-1) sorbed 82% of RB5 (100 mg L(-1)) within 4h. RB5-loaded GAC was not effectively regenerated by microwave irradiation (800 W, 30s). Electrocoagulatio...

We present an algorithm for compressing table constraints representing allowed or disallowed tuples. This type of constraint is used for example in configuration problems, where the satisfying tuples are read from a database. The arity of these constraints may be large. A generic GAC algorithm for such a constraint requires time exponential in the arity of the constraint to maintain GAC, but Be...

Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) has been used as a common gasoline additive worldwide since the late twentieth century, and it has become the most frequently detected groundwater pollutant in many countries. This study aimed to synthesize a novel microbial carrier to improve its adsorptive capacity for MTBE and biofilm formation, compared to the traditional granular activated carbon (GAC). A pol...

A favorable microenvironment for biofilm growth on GAC particles was shown using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a marker for a phenol degrading bacterium, Pseudomonas putida F1. The dispersion of P. putida F1 in a biofilm covering granulated activated carbon (GAC) particles was monitored and compared to a biofilm on non-activated granular carbon particles. Laser scanning confocal microscopy...

Classification of streptococci is based upon expression of unique cell wall carbohydrate antigens. All serotypes of group A Streptococcus (GAS; Streptococcus pyogenes), a leading cause of infection-related mortality worldwide, express the group A carbohydrate (GAC). GAC, the classical Lancefield antigen, is comprised of a polyrhamnose backbone with N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) side chains. The ...

In this study, modified granular activated carbon (GAC) and immobilized cells were used to improve the biological efficiency of high-ammonia-nitrogen wastewater treatment using microorganisms. The results showed that sodium-hydroxide-modified (NaOH-GAC) greatly increased numbers ammonia-oxidizing bacteria Alcaligenes sp. TD-94 Paracoccus TD-10. Using NaOH-GAC number by 63.27% over GAC. Compared...

The removal efficiency of 22 selected trace organic contaminants by sequential application of granular activated carbon (GAC) and simultaneous application of powdered activated carbon (PAC) with membrane bioreactor (MBR) was compared in this study. Both sequential application of GAC following MBR treatment (MBR-GAC) and simultaneous application of PAC within MBR (PAC-MBR) achieved improved remo...

the contamination of water by toxic heavy metals is a world-wide environmental problem. discharges containing cadmium, in particular, are strictly controlled due to the highly toxic nature of this element and its tendency to accumulate in the tissues of living organisms. low concentration (below 5 mg`/l) of cadmium is difficult to treat economically using chemical precipitation methodologies. i...

Units of a good are produced at some symmetric cost. A mechanism elicits agents’ willingness to pay for one unit of the good, allocates some goods to some agents, and covers the cost by charging those agents. We introduce the generalized average cost mechanism (GAC) for arbitrary symmetric cost functions. GAC is the only Pareto selection among group strategyproof mechanisms that treat equal age...