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A subthreshold pharyngeal stimulus induces lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation and inhibits progression of ongoing peristaltic contraction in the esophagus. Recent studies show that longitudinal muscle contraction of the esophagus may play a role in LES relaxation. Our goal was to determine whether a subthreshold pharyngeal stimulus induces contraction of the longitudinal muscle of the ...

In the year 2014, Almeida et al. introduced a new class of mappings, namely, contractions Geraghty type. Additionally, in 2021, Beg concept generalized F-proximal contraction first kind and second kind, respectively. After developing these concepts, authors mainly studied best proximity points for classes mappings. this short note, we prove that problem existence said proximal is equivalent to ...

In this paper, the notion of cyclic $varphi$-contraction in fuzzymetric spaces is introduced and a fixed point theorem for this typeof mapping is established. Meantime, an example is provided toillustrate this theorem. The main result shows that a self-mappingon a G-complete fuzzy metric space has a unique fixed point if itsatisfies the cyclic $varphi$-contraction. Afterwards, some results inco...

We investigated immunohistochemical differences in the distribution of TRPV1 channels and the contractile effects of capsaicin on smooth muscle in the mouse rectum and distal, transverse, and proximal colon. In the immunohistochemical study, TRPV1 immunoreactivity was found in the mucosa, submucosal, and muscle layers and myenteric plexus. Large numbers of TRPV1-immunoreactive axons were observ...

The concept of fuzzy sets was introduced by Zadeh [21] in 1965. After that a lot of work has been done regarding fuzzy sets and fuzzy mappings. The concept of fuzzy mappings was first introduced by Heilpern [10], he proved fixed point theorem for fuzzy contraction mappings which is a fuzzy analogue of the fixed point theorem for multi valued mappings of Nadler [15], Vijayraju and Marudai [19] g...

In this paper, we generalize Fuzzy Banach contraction theorem establishedby V. Gregori and A. Sapena [Fuzzy Sets and Systems 125 (2002) 245-252]using notion of altering distance which was initiated by Khan et al. [Bull. Austral.Math. Soc., 30(1984), 1-9] in metric spaces.

In this paper, we prove the existence and uniqueness of solution to the impulsive fuzzy functional differential equations under generalized Hukuhara differentiability via the principle of contraction mappings. Some examples are provided to illustrate the result.