In an experimental study of adaptation to negative pleiotropic effects of a major fungicide resistance mutation in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans we have investigated the relative effectiveness of artificial selection vs. natural selection on the rate of compensatory evolution. Using mycelial growth rate as a fitness measure, artificial selection involved the weekly transfer of the...

Fungicides are considered to be effective crop protection chemicals in modern agriculture. However, they can also exert toxic effects on non-target organisms, including soil-dwelling microbes. Therefore, the environmental fate of fungicides has to be closely monitored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the Falcon 460 EC fungicide on microbial diversity, enzyme activity and ...

The systemic fungicide mefenoxam has been important in the control of late blight disease caused by Phytophthora infestans. This phenylamide fungicide has a negative effect on the synthesis of ribosomal RNA; however, the genetic basis for inherited field resistance is still not completely clear. We recently observed that a sensitive isolate became tolerant after a single passage on mefenoxam-co...

Azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus is an emerging public health concern. Recently, a novel fungicide-driven mutation in the cyp51A gene and its promoter, TR46/Y121F/T289A, leading to high-level resistance to voriconazole has been identified in The Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Denmark, Tanzania, and India in both clinical and environmental samples. Here we report the first description o...

Carpropamid ((1RS,3SR)-2,2-dichloro-N-[(R)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-1-ethyl-3-methylcyclopropanecarboxamide) is a potent chemical against the rice blast fungus, Pyricularia oryzae. In 2001, isolates of the fungus with reduced sensitivity to this fungicide appeared in Saga Prefecture of Japan and were regarded as a potential threat to rice protection by carpropamid. The cause of the resistance h...

approved: _______________________________________________________ Christopher Mundt Fungicide resistance has become an increasing problem in North American populations of Zymoseptoria tritici, the causal agent of septoria leaf blotch of wheat. The goal of this experiment was to determine whether Z. tritici’s resistance to one azole fungicide would predict resistance in other fungicides within t...

The spread of antimicrobial resistance and global change in air temperature represent two major phenomena that are exerting a disastrous impact on natural and social issues but investigation of the interaction between these phenomena in an evolutionary context is limited. In this study, a statistical genetic approach was used to investigate the evolution of antimicrobial resistance in agricultu...

Salgado, J. D., Madden, L. V., and Paul, P. A. 2014. Efficacy and economics of integrating in-field and harvesting strategies to manage Fusarium head blight of wheat. Plant Dis. 98:1407-1421. Fusarium head blight (FHB), a fungal disease of wheat caused by Fusarium graminearum, and its associated toxins, particularly deoxynivalenol (DON), are best managed by integrating multiple strategies. Expe...