There is a grant number missing from the Funding Statement. Please see the corrected Funding Statement here. This work is funded by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI118732) to MMK and the training grant (5T32AI007046) to CJA. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of th...

objective:  the aim of this study was to assess clinical laboratory funding for differential diagnosis of sickle cell disease (scd) and other associated disorders for better understanding of clinical types and prevention of sickling events. material and methods:  this is a descriptive crossed-sectional study that analyzed the peripheral blood film, sickle cell preparation, hemoglobin electroph...

It is essential for research funding organizations to ensure both the validity and fairness of the grant approval procedure. The ex-ante peer evaluation (EXANTE) of N = 8,496 grant applications submitted to the Austrian Science Fund from 1999 to 2009 was statistically analyzed. For 1,689 funded research projects an ex-post peer evaluation (EXPOST) was also available; for the rest of the grant a...

BACKGROUND Comparative effectiveness research (CER) is undeniably changing how drugs are developed, launched, priced, and reimbursed in the United States. But most organizations are still evaluating what CER can do for them and how and when they can utilize the data. A roundtable of stakeholders, including formulary decision makers, evaluated CER's possible effects on managed care organizations...

It should not be assumed that earmarked donor funding automatically increases the allocation of developing-country resources towards programmes that yield the greatest health benefits. Sometimes it does, sometimes it does not--how the funding is designed can influence this. This is true particularly in the longer term, once the earmarked funding has ended. Even in the short term, total funding ...

This paper studies the provision of deposit insurance along with liquidation decisions without commitment in an economy with heterogenous households. The analysis separates control of the balance sheet of a failed bank from the provision of deposit insurance. We study the factors that determine orderly liquidation and the effects of this policy on the prospect of bank runs. We also study the pr...

This paper investigates the logical ties between investment, financing and dividends decisions, creating the coherence of these three strategic financial decisions of the firm. Basing on results of a questionnaire addressed to a number of financial managers of firms, a comparative survey between two investigations, one achieved at United States (by W.Pruitt and Y.Gitman on a sample of 114 firms...

When a firm offers health benefits to workers, it exposes the firm to the risk of making payments when workers get sick. A firm can either pay health expenses out of its general assets, keeping the risk inside the firm, or it can purchase insurance, shifting the risk outside the firm. Using data on insurance decisions, we find that smaller firms, firms with more investment opportunities, and fi...

sources to define coverage limits for new and standard medical interventions, including technology assessment reports, the results of randomized trials, and professional guidelines, according to the findings of a research project funded by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s Changes in Health Care Financing and Organization (HCFO) initiative. The vast majority of medical directors reported tha...

Empirical evidence documents a tight link between aggregate and firm-level investment and corporate credit spreads. Moreover, it has been shown that credit spreads largely reflect a compensation for bearing macroeconoimc risks. We use a tractable model with recursive preferences and time varying macroeoconomic risk to investigate the link between aggregate risk and corporate policies in a produ...