Current long term cryopreservation of cell stocks routinely requires the use of liquid nitrogen (LN2), because commonly used cryopreservation media containing cell membrane permeating cryoprotectants are thermally unstable when frozen at higher storage temperatures, e.g. -80 °C. This instability leads to ice recrystallization, causing progressive loss of cell viability over time under the stora...

Fatty acids and plasmalogens were extracted from the phospholipids of the plasma membrane of stallion spermatozoa, to determine their relation with sperm quality after freezing and thawing. Sperm quality was rated using a quality index that combined the results of the analysis of sperm motility and velocity (CASA analysis), membrane status and mitochondrial membrane potential (flow cytometry) p...

Background. People with Parkinson’s disease (PD) often fall while multitasking or walking backward, unavoidable activities in daily living. Dual tasks involving cognitive demand during gait and unfamiliar motor skills, such as backward walking, could identify those with fall risk, but dual tasking while walking backward has not been examined in those with PD, those who experience freezing of ga...

Freezing of gait (FOG) is a very disabling and common gait disorder in Parkinson's disease (PD). The first aim of this article was to provide a methodological and critical review of the most common research approach to understand FOG, ie, comparing the behavior of freezers with that of non-freezers. The review demonstrates that studies often fall short in clearly defining the freezer\non-freeze...

BACKGROUND Freezing of gait is a common and debilitating symptom affecting many patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. Although the pathophysiology of freezing of gait is not fully understood, a number of observations regarding the pattern of gait in patients with this symptom have been made. Increased 'Stride Time Variability' has been one of the most robust of these features. In this stu...

Objective To explore the clinical predictors of freezing of gait (FOG) in Chinese patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods This study included 225 patients with PD who completed a three-year follow-up visit. The end-point was the presence of FOG (freezers), which was assessed during the follow-up visit. Group comparisons were conducted, followed by a further forward binary logistic reg...

Due to their contribution to the ozone depletion and the anthropogenic greenhouse warming effect caused by the refrigerant as well as the foam blowing agent household refrigerators and freezers were attracting public attention especially in Western Europe. The conversion to the use of environmentally benign fluids as refrigerants and foam blowing agents requires a large number of extensive, exp...

Most of the previous diagnostics research for vapor compression equipment has been performed for packaged air conditioners and chillers. This paper describes application of a decoupling-based diagnostic technique that was originally developed for air conditioners to equipment used in walk-in coolers and freezers. Testing was performed on a small, restaurant-style walk-in cooler and a small walk...

BACKGROUND Although cryopreservation of semen is a routine procedure for preserving male gametes, an efficient method of preserving fertility through oocyte freezing has only recently become available for women. In view of the limited female reproductive lifespan, oocyte freezing can now offer women some protection against the decline in fertility with aging. METHODS A survey was performed in...