Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of coronary heart disease. The Pittsburgh IDDM morbidity and mortality study reported greater than 10 fold coronary heart disease mortality compared with US national data [1]. Adults with diabetes have heart disease death rates 2 to 4 times higher than adults without diabetes [2]. Diabetic cardiomyopathy explains much of this survival diff...

Serum concentrations of total carnitine, free carnitine and acylcarnitine were measured in forty-one epileptic patients treated with valproic acid (VPA). Among them, 14 patients were on VPA monotherapy and 27 were on VPA polytherapy. Forty-one age and sex matched healthy normal controls were also evaluated for carnitine metabolism. The mean total and free carnitine were significantly lower in b...

BACKGROUND Depression is highly prevalent in uremic patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). We previously found that low free-carnitine levels are associated with depression severity in male patients undergoing HD. However, whether L-carnitine supplementation improves the depression state in male patients undergoing HD remains unclear. METHODS Sixteen male patients undergoing HD were orally ad...

Carnitine is necessary for transport of long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria, to enter the beta-oxidation cycle. Four carnitine cycle defects have been described. The carnitine transporter mediates carnitine transport across the plasma membrane. Symptoms include hypoketotic hypoglycaemia and cardiomyopathy. Some affected subjects are asymptomatic. Newborn screening detects very low levels o...

Objective: The use of non-enzymatic antioxidants in the form of dietary supplements has a positive effect on reducing oxidative stress, and preventing apoptosis as they interrupt free radicals. The aim of this study was to investigate the aerobic exercise and L-carnitine consumption impacts on diabetes induced apoptosis, oxidative stress factors, and mitochondrial enzymes in rats. Materials an...

Recent research has clarified many of the clinical applications of L-Carnitine and its related compounds, leading into new areas of potential use. Promising therapeutic applications of an ester form of carnitine, acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALC) are derived from observations that this compound readily crosses the bloodbrain barrier and improves neuronal energetics and repair mechanisms while modifying ...

To compare differences in metabolites between newborns with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and those who are appropriate for gestational age (AGA) in order to understand the changes in metabolites of newborns with IUGR and to explore the possible metabolic mechanism of tissue and organ damages in patients with IUGR, with the ultimate goal of providing the basis for clinical intervention...

Objective: Diabetes causes free radical production, oxidative stress and alterations in mitochondrial enzymes and apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise and consumption of L-carnitine on BCL2 and some mitochondrial enzymes of the kidney in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 45 male wistar rats (200-300 gr) were simp...

Background The current translational work is an outgrowth of a mechanistic framework in rodents with cognitive deficits and depressive-like traits, wherein the levels pivotal mitochondrial metabolite acetyl-L-carnitine (LAC) are decreased signal to brain abnormal activity histone acetyltransferase expression genes key for neuronal plasticity, such as mGlu2 (a inhibitor glutamate release). Yet, ...