Background: Peripheral blood of patients with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKL) contains fragmented Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA. Measurement of the circulating viral DNA load has been reported to be useful for diagnosis, monitoring and prognostication of the disease. However, there are two different subjects for analysis, plasma and mononuclear cells (MNC). It remains unclear wh...

The effect of target size on microarray hybridization efficiencies and specificity was investigated using a set of 166 oligonucleotide probes targeting the 16S rRNA gene of Escherichia coli. The targets included unfragmented native rRNA, fragmented rRNA ( approximately 20 to 100 bp), PCR amplicons (93 to 1,480 bp), and three synthetic single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides (45 to 56 bp). Fluoresc...

To our knowledge, the most widely used automated DNA sequencers are manufactured by PE Applied Biosystems (Foster City, CA, USA). Our laboratory uses Model 377 Sequencers equipped with the XL upgrade (i.e., collection software Version 2.0 and analysis software Version 3.0). Power transients, network noise, an excessively fragmented hard disk or other such incidents can cause a sequencer to prem...

In 2 crisp introductory chapters, editor H. Tristram Engelhardt Jr assembles evidence to support this claim. Culture wars have fragmented bioethics into rival camps. Competing groups, each adhering to a different worldview, endlessly dispute the major issues of human life: sexuality, reproduction, allocation of resources, the significance of suffering and dying. It is impossible to resolve cont...

Case studies are an essential feature of process modelling research. This work introduces a possible structure to assist in assembling and reporting the fragmented ndings of such experiences

Nuclear DNA is organised into loops, probably by attachment to a supramolecular structure. We describe a method which enables us to map the position of sequences within a loop relative to the point of attachment. Nuclear DNA is isolated unbroken by lysing HeLa cells in 2M NaCl to release structures which retain many of the morphological features of nuclei. Their DNA is supercoiled and so must r...

Human sperm DNA damage may have adverse effects on reproductive outcome. Infertile men possess substantially more spermatozoa with damaged DNA compared to fertile donors. Although the extent of this abnormality is closely related to sperm function, the underlying etiology of ensuing male infertility is still largely controversial. Both intra-testicular and post-testicular events have been postu...

DNA sequencing has been a labor-intensive task that has benefited greatly from automation, both hardware based, and software based. Our goal is to develop a tool which can provide challenging input to a software-based sequence assembler, which attempts to reassemble the original DNA sequence given a collection of fragmented reads (or that sequence). In order to accomplish this, it is necessary ...

Limited digestion of superhelical (form I) PM2 DNA by venom phosphodiesterase yields unit length linear (form III) molecules plus a series of discrete fragments. The positions of eight of these fragments on the genome map were determined with the use of restriction endonucleases Hpa II and HindIII. These positions were compared with the locations of the eight early denaturation regions in form ...

DNA based methods become important in the identification of insects when we don’t have complete sample for identification and the available sample is either broken or fragmented and unable to provide complete information necessary for the identification. We have number of DNA based techniques which can be used for the identification of insect’s samples. We are therefore presenting here the revi...