a Canadian Forest Service (Pacific Forestry Centre), Natural Resources Canada, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8Z 1M5 b Biospheric Sciences Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA c Integrated Remote Sensing Studio, Department of Forest Resources Management, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main...

The Brazilian Amazon in the past decades has been suffering severe landscape alteration, mainly due to anthropogenic activities, such as road building and land clearing for agriculture. Using a high-resolution time series of land cover maps (classified as mature forest, non-forest, secondary forest) spanning from 1984 through 2011, and four uncorrelated fragmentation metrics (edge density, clum...

*International Tree Conservation and Domestication Program (CAMCORE), Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, Box 8008, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, U.S.A.; yDepartment of Forestry and Environmental Resources, Forest Science Laboratory, 3401 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, U.S.A.; and zUSDA Forest Service, National Fo...

Poorly-designed road-stream crossings can put both ecosystems and transportation infrastructure at risk. In response to these threats, an interdisciplinary team, using the Connecticut River basin in the northeastern US as a focus area, but extending throughout the northeast and north-central US, is currently investigating two major research questions: 1) What are the demographic and genetic con...

The fragmentation of habitats by roads and other artificial linear structures can have a profound effect on the movement of arboreal species due to their strong fidelity to canopies. Here, we used 12 microsatellite DNA loci to investigate the fine-scale spatial genetic structure and the effects of a major road and a narrow artificial waterway on a population of the endangered western ringtail p...

Jaguar (Panthera onca) populations in the Upper Paraná River, in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest region, live in a landscape that includes highly fragmented areas as well as relatively intact ones. We developed a model of jaguar habitat suitability in this region, and based on this habitat model, we developed a spatially structured metapopulation model of the jaguar populations in this area to an...

Land fragmentation, which implies a defective land tenure structure, is a major problem at various spatial scales, and may hinder effective agricultural production and sustainable rural development. Policy decisions to reduce land fragmentation require reliable measurement indices. However, current indices present significant weaknesses since they do not take all of the relevant factors into ac...

Elastic Optical Networks (EONs) are considered as very promising architectures for future optical transport networks, since they efficiently use the spectrum resources and provide high bandwidth scalability and granularity. In this paper, the multicast routing problem in EON is considered. A fragmentation-aware multicast routing algorithm, named as Weighted Dynamic Fragmentation-aware Multicast...

From a public health perspective, road safety education and training seem to be largely ineffective. There is little scientific evidence to suggest that they contribute to reduced risk, injury or fatality among those targeted. Some programs do influence road user behaviour and reduce the crash risk and/or injury of road users but these appear to be in the minority. Education and training progra...

Although relationships between fragmentation of urban development and other forms of administrative and land cover fragmentation are important, they are poorly understood. This research aimed to better understand these relationships in order to inform land use planning in the Roaring Fork/Colorado River Corridor of Colorado. Change in fragmentation of urban development between 1985 and 1999 was...