INTRODUCTION The dictionary is one of the common learning tools for second and foreign language learners. Various types of dictionaries are used to help learners work on their language development. A bilingual dictionary is often the first dictionary that a foreign language learner encounters. A study conducted on dictionary usage in seven European countries, including over 1,100 learners of En...

the literature has already been a basic component in teaching foreign / second languages curriculum in comparing with other materials, therefore, this forces instructors to use literature for two purposes: first, teaching literature for literature and second , use of literature as a linguistic resource in order to improving language skill of learners, and this is important issue in applied ling...

the salient, and often ignored, role that out-of-class learning plays in second/foreign language (l2) learners’ development is overshadowed by classroom research. the main aim of this study is to problematize the role of out-of-class learning in the specific english-as-foreign-language (efl) context of iran by examination of the ways in which four learners attempted to revamp their english lang...

abstract literature review indicates that an effective and good teacher has an important role in students' performances and their success. pivotal roles of teachers may affect students’ attitudes and motivations to language learning. improving the field of foreign language teaching and learning without improving the qualities of efl teachers seems impossible. this attempt, at first hand, r...

The present study investigated the relationship between Iranian EFL learners' beliefs about language learning and language learning strategy use. A sample of 104 B.A and M.A Iranian EFL learners majoring in English participated in this study. Three instruments, the Michigan Test of English Language Proficiency (MTELP), Beliefs about Language Learning Inventory (BALLI), and the Strategy Inventor...

this study deals with teaching the verbal meaning networks in second/foreign language, and evaluates the effects of this kind of teaching on the learning process of foreign persian language learners. for this purpose, a pretest was carried out among 50 foreign language learners, from which 30 individuals were selected for this research based on their scores. the subjects were divided into two g...

Many studies on test anxiety among adult language learners have been performed, while only a few studies have dealt with overall test anxiety. In addition, these studies do not specifically address test anxiety in foreign language learning among elementary school language learners. Thus, this study aims to investigate the level of test anxiety among young learners of English as a foreign langua...

Students studying foreign languages often wish to enjoy authentic foreign-language content for example, foreign-language videos and comics. Existing means of presenting this content, however, are suboptimal from the perspective of language learning. We have developed a pair of tools that aim to help learners acquire the foreign language while enjoying authentic, foreignlanguage material. One to...