Purpose: The study aimed to assess the depressant or antidepressant effects of several Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) in mice: the selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor meloxicam, and the non-selective COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors lornoxicam, sodium metamizole, and ketorolac. The current literature data regarding such effects of these agents are scarce. Materials and methods...

Purpose: The study aimed to assess the depressant or antidepressant effects of several Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) in mice: the selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor meloxicam, and the non-selective COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors lornoxicam, sodium metamizole, and ketorolac. The current literature data regarding such effects of these agents are scarce. Materials and methods...

In this study, we investigated the possible antidepressant-like effect of I. paraguariensis in rats. Rats were treated for four weeks with an aqueous extract of I. paraguariensis in drinking water, following the traditional preparation of this beverage. After the period of treatment, behavioral (elevated plus-maze, open field test, and forced swimming test) and biochemical parameters (lipid per...

Association between emotionality and effect of imipramine on immobility time in forced swimming test was investigated in Swiss and Balb/c mice. Mice of both the strains were segregated into normal emotional (mean +/- 1SD), low emotional (> mean + 1SD) and high emotional (< mean - 1SD) based on their performance with respect to each indices of emotionality in novel arena and elevated plus maze. ...

Olax subscorpioidea is a shrub or tree found in Nigeria, and other parts of Africa. It is indicated in the management of inflammatory disorder, mental illness, convulsion, pain, and cancer.Based on the folkloric use in the management of mental illness, antidepressant activity of Olax subscorpioidea (6.25-50 mg/kg, i. p.) was investigated using forced swimming, tail suspension, yohimbine induced...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential benefits of ethanolic extract of Smilax china Linn. on testicular antioxidant activity and spermatological parameters in rats subjected to forced swimming stress. Animals of the experimental groups except vehicle control were subjected to forced swimming stress (FSS) 15 min/day for 52 days. Animals were pretreated with two doses of e...

Stress-induced cytokine changes may be the link between stress and the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders such as depression, and organic diseases such as infections, autoimmune diseases and cancer. We tested the effect of stress on interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-22, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ serum levels in male Wistar rats. Rats underwent either acute...

Chronic stress has been reported to be an essential factor for depression. In this study, the effect of forced swimming stress on neurotransmitters and cellular signaling pathway contributing to brain functions was investigated using the forced swimming test (FST) in order to understanding of mechanisms to regulate stress signals in brain. Antidepressant drug, imipramine, significantly reduced ...

Physical exercise positively affects the metabolism and induces proliferation of precursor cells in the adult brain. Maternal exercise likewise provokes adaptations early in the offspring. Using a high-intensity swimming protocol that comprises forced swim training before and during pregnancy, we determined the effect of maternal swimming on the mouse offspring's neurogenesis. Our data demonstr...

Forced swimming, as an effective stressor, has been found to facilitate the development of pair bonds in male but to interfere with this behaviour in female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster). In the present study, we found that forced swimming differentially influenced the expression of messenger RNA for vasopressin, oxytocin and corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) in the paraventricular ...