in order to investigate the response of mycorrhizal fungi to different kinds of fungicides and phytohormone balance in soybean, the present study was carried out during 2008-2009 at research site of azad university of karaj branch as factorial based on randomized complete block design with two factors and four replications. treatments were all combination of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species...

Ginseng root rot caused by Cylindrocarpon destructans is the most destructive disease of ginseng. Six different fungicides (thiophanate-methyl, benomyl, prochloraz, mancozeb, azoxystrobin, and iprodione) were selected to evaluate the inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth and conidial germination of C. destructans isolates. Benomyl and prochloraz were found to be the most effective fungicides...

Citrus black spot (CBS) is a plant disease of worldwide occurrence, affecting crops in Africa, Oceania, and South America. In Brazil, climate provides favorable conditions and CBS has spread to the Southeast and South regions. CBS is caused by the fungus Guignardia citricarpa (anamorph: Phyllosticta citricarpa) and its control is based on the use of fungicides, such as benzimidazoles. In South ...

Active coating systems are a promising postharvest strategy for managing quality attributes while controlling diseases of fresh fruit. This work aims to determine the respiration, quality, antioxidant attributes, and shelf life mango treated with different natural antifungal coatings produced by Lacto-fermented compounds. The respiration rates were modeled using uncompetitive Michaelis-Menten m...

Declining populations of kudzu bug, Megacopta cribraria (F.), in the southeastern United States have been observed since 2013 and are generally attributed to increased prevalence of natural enemies. Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. infects kudzu bugs in North America, but the level of pest suppression has not been reported. Beauveria bassiana is sensitive to classes of fungicides used to...

AIMS This study explores nontarget effects of fungicide application on field-grown chickpea. METHODS AND RESULTS Molecular methods were used to test the effects of foliar application of fungicide on the diversity and distribution of nifH genes associated with two chickpea cultivars and their nodulation. Treatments were replicated four times in a split-plot design in the field, in 2008 and 200...

Two ladybeetles, Cycloneda sanguinea and Harmonia axyridis, were exposed in the laboratory to eight fungicide formulations commonly used in citrus production in Florida. Both benomyl and the combination of copper and petroleum oil proved toxic to larvae of C. sanguinea that were exposed to concentrations corresponding to recommended field rates, either as leaf residues or in topical spray appli...