a significant problem in multicarrier communication systems is the necessity to reduce the value of papr (peak-to-average power ratio) of transmitting signal. in this thesis we study the effect of the system parameters such as coding and modulation types on papr and ultimate ber in a mc-cdma system. in this study we consider fading channel as well as the nonlinearity of transmitter’s amplifier ...

today, scouring is one of the important topics in the river and coastal engineering so that the most destruction in the bridges is occurred due to this phenomenon. whereas the bridges are assumed as the most important connecting structures in the communications roads in the country and their importance is doubled while floodwater, thus exact design and maintenance thereof is very crucial. f...

abstract biometric access control is an automatic system that intelligently provides the access of special actions to predefined individuals. it may use one or more unique features of humans, like fingerprint, iris, gesture, 2d and 3d face images. 2d face image is one of the important features with useful and reliable information for recognition of individuals and systems based on this ...

fluorescence chemical sensors for the highly sensitive and selective determination of pb2+ , hg2+, co2+ and fe3+ ions in aqueous solutions are described. the ion sensing system was prepared by incorporating lipophilic ligand (l) as a neutral ion-selective fluoroionophore in the plasticized pvc membrane containing sodium tetraphenylborate or potasium tetrakis (p-chlorophenyl) borate as a liphoph...

the rationale behind the present study is that particular learning strategies produce more effective results when applied together. the present study tried to investigate the efficiency of the semantic-context strategy alone with a technique called, keyword method. to clarify the point, the current study seeked to find answer to the following question: are the keyword and semantic-context metho...

magnetic resonance imaging (mri) is a notable medical imaging technique that makes of phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance. because of the resolution and the technology being harmless, mri has considered as the most desirable imaging technique in clinical applications. the visual quality of mri plays an important role in accuracy of medical delineations that can be seriously degraded by exi...

روشهای پانلی (panel method) از بین سایر روشهای محاسبه خصوصیات جریان سیال حول یک جسم، روشهای سریع، کارآمد و مناسبی هستندبر مبنای این روشها، نرم افزارهای متعددی نوشته شده اند که از میان آنها می توان به cmarc ، quadpan ، vsaero ، usaero و ... اشاره کرد. آنچه که در این تحقیق می آید محاسبه ضرایب آیرودینامیکی هواپیمای چهارنفره و تمام کامپوزیت فجر- 3 به کمک نرم افزار cmarc می باشد. پاسخهای به دست آمده...

در این تحقیق ابتدا با توجه به ویژگی های پدیده ی برخورد با سرعت بالا که عبارتند از تغییر شکل های بزرگ که منجر به یک مسئله ی غیر خطی هندسی و مادی میشود ، سطوح مادی در حال حرکت و سطوح آزاد ، مرزهای تغییر شکل پذیر و سیستم گسسته بر پایه ی قوانین محیط پیوسته، روشsph از میان روش های عددی انتخاب گردیده، سپس نحوه ی تخمین زدن متغیر میدان در این روش، روند فرمول نویسی sph و همچنین جایگاه این روش در میان رو...

in current study, 63 samples of bat populations collected from differ regions were used for evaluating the geographic variations. twenty cranial and dental characters for traditional morphometric and landmarks method on the ventral, dorsal skull and mandible for geometry morphometric studies were used. statistical analyses of traditional morphometric and geometry morphometric data indicated low...

a simple, sensitive and selective method for solvent extraction and spectrophotemetric determination of lanthanum (ii) europium (iii), and cerium (iii) is described , the rare earth metals are extracted into chloroform solution of n-phenylbenzohydroxamic acid (pbha) at ph 9-10 various parameters are studied to optimize the extraction conditions. the molar absorptivity is found to increase from ...