Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes a highly contagious disease of cloven-hooved animals that carries enormous economic consequences. CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes play an important role in protection and disease outcome in viral infections but, to date, the role of the CD8(+) T-cell immune response to FMDV remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate major histocompatibility comple...

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes economically damaging infections of cloven-hooved animals, with outbreaks resulting in large financial losses to the agricultural industry. Due to the highly contagious nature of FMDV, research with infectious virus is restricted to a limited number of key facilities worldwide. FMDV sub-genomic replicons are therefore important tools for the study of v...

Infection of mice with cytopathic foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) induces a rapid and specific thymus-independent (TI) neutralizing antibody response that promptly clears the virus. Herein, it is shown that FMDV-infected dendritic cells (DCs) directly stimulate splenic innate-like CD9(+) B lymphocytes to rapidly (3 days) produce neutralizing anti-FMDV immunoglobulin M antibodies without T-l...

Five poliovirus recombinants containing sequences corresponding to foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) antigenic sites were constructed. Viable virus was recovered from four of these plasmids, in which the VP1 beta B-beta C loop (antigenic site 1) of poliovirus type 1 Sabin had been replaced with sequences derived from the VP1 beta G-beta H loop (antigenic site 1) of FMDV O1 Kaufbeuren (O1K), c...

background and aims: the aim of this study was application of gamma irradiated fmdv antigen for liquid phase blocking sandwich elisa (b-elisa) to quantify guinea pig anti fmdv type a87/irn antibody. methods: fmdv type a87/irn was propagated to a titer of 107.5/ml tcid50 and then irradiated by gamma irradiator. the irradiated 146 s antigen was purified by sucrose gradient centrifugation after in...

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a trans-boundary viral disease of livestock, which causes huge economic losses and constitutes a serious infectious threat for livestock farming worldwide. Early diagnosis of FMD helps to diminish its impact by adequate outbreak management. In this study, we describe the development of a real-time reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA...

Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) can induce a host antiviral response to foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) in vivo and in vitro. To elucidate the mechanism of IFN-γ anti FMDV infection in host cells, high-throughput RNA sequencing was analyzed for systemic changes in gene expression profiles in PK15 cells infected by FMDV with or without IFN-γ pretreatment. More than 25 million reads, covering 1.2-1....

A total of 1501 oral swab samples from Pakistan, Afghanistan and Tajikistan were collected from clinically healthy animals between July 2008 and August 2009 and assayed for the presence of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) RNA. The oral swab samples from two (of four) live animal markets in Pakistan (n = 245), one (of three) live animal market in Afghanistan (n=61) and both the live animal ma...

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of domestic and wild ruminants that is caused by FMD virus (FMDV). FMD outbreaks have occurred in livestock-containing regions worldwide. Apigenin, which is a flavonoid naturally existing in plant, possesses various pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant and antiviral activities. Results show that...

Evidence for a mechanism of initiation of viral persistence in which the cell, and not the virus, plays a critical role has been obtained using the important animal pathogen foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). We have developed a virulence assay consisting of quantification of the ability of virus to kill cells and of cells to divide in the presence of virus and to initiate a carrier state. Ce...