Reverse Osmosis (RO) is an efficient process for the removal of ionic and organic pollutants from wastewater. However, flux decline and rejection deterioration due to concentration polarization and membrane fouling hinders the application of RO technology. Rotating RO takes advantage of high shear and the Taylor vortex instability to reduce the flux decline related to concentration polarization...

The effects of feed and draw solution temperature and transmembrane temperature difference on the rejection of 12 trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) by two forward osmosis (FO) membranes were investigated. The membrane structure parameter (S) and the reverse salt (NaCl) flux selectivity (RSFS) were constant over the temperature range of 20-40 1C, suggesting that within this range, the solution ...

the microfiltration 0.2 µm cellulose acetate (ca) membrane was modified by embedding antibacterial silver nano-particles in the membrane pores. this novel technique was developed to enhance the capability of the microfiltration membrane for removing microorganism including bacteria. the prepared membrane was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (sem), energy-dispersive x-ray spectro...

A method of actively maintaining voltage margin in field oriented induction machine controllers is proposed. A voltage margin controller is developed that rejects dc link and load disturbances such that current regulation and field orientation is maintained. In addition, the voltage margin controller coupled with rotor flux oriented control is shown to provide maximum torque capability equivale...

in this work, the effect of presence of the sodium tripolyphosphate (stpp), as an inorganic salt, on improving the performance of polyamide (pa) thin layer membranes has been studied. characterization analyses confirmed the presence of the salt on the whole surface structure of the thin layer. different salt loadings resulted in different fluxes and cu (ii) rejections. the thin layer containing...

Fouling behaviour and its impact on the rejection of trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) by forward osmosis (FO) were investigated.Membrane fouling was simulated using humic acid and colloidal particles asmodel foulants at different initial permeatewater fluxes.Water flux declinewas insignificant at an initial permeate flux of 9 L/m2h and the fouling layerwas loose and fluid-like. By contrast, t...

Reverse osmosis (RO) is a compact process that has potential for the removal of ionic and organic pollutants for recycling space mission wastewater. Seven candidate RO membranes were compared using a batch stirred cell to determine the membrane flux and the solute rejection for synthetic space mission wastewaters. Even though the urea molecule is larger than ions such as Na+, Cl-, and NH4+, the...

One of the limiting factors in good performance of forward osmosis (FO) membranes is the internal concentration polarization (ICP). To reduce ICP, thin film nanocomposite forward osmosis (TFN-FO) membranes were fabricated by adding different amounts of graphene oxide (GO) nanoplates (0-1 wt. %) to polymer matrix of polysulfone (PSf) substrate. The prepared nanocomposite membranes exhibited both...

Toluene diamine (TDA) is a main carcinogenic aromatic pollutant in some industrial wastewater. In this study, the reverse osmosis with DSS-HR98PP as the membrane was employed for the removal of TDA in an aqueous environment. The Box–Behnken Design (BBD) of the experimentwas used to consider the effect of operational variables such as pressure, pH and the feed volu...