BACKGROUND Fluoridation of drinking water, despite being regarded as one of the top ten public health achievements of the twentieth century, has remained a much debated concept. Various studies on animals and aborted human fetuses have confirmed that excessive fluoride intake during infancy and early childhood, causes a number of irreversible structural and functional changes in the CNS leading...

Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of fluoride on salivary immunoglobulin and sialic acid levels in children with dental fluorosis and healthy teeth who live in places with high fluoride concentration in drinking water. Method: Fifty-one (51) healthy children between 6 and 12 years old with no caries were randomly selected from primary schools enrolled in the dental-ca...

This study relates the prevalence of caries and fluorosis among Michigan children, residing in four different areas, to the various concentrations of F in the communities' water supplies. Demographic information, details of F history, and dental attendance data were collected by a questionnaire form filled out by parents. Children ages six to 12 were screened for caries by means of the NIDR cri...

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The concentration of fluoride in water is usually higher in areas around the coal mines. Zarand region in the south-east of Iran is known for its coal mines. Some studies have shown the high prevalence of fluorosis and some studies reported high levels of fluoride in the region. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to use Geographic Information System (GIS) to assess the relations...

Dental fluorosis is a developmental disturbance of dental enamel, caused by successive exposures to high concentrations of fluoride during tooth development, leading to enamel with lower mineral content and increased porosity. The severity of dental fluorosis depends on when and for how long the overexposure to fluoride occurs, the individual response, weight, degree of physical activity, nutri...

OBJECTIVE The study assessed longitudinal changes in the presentation of dental fluorosis and evaluated the impact of fluorosis on the perception of oral health among young adults. DESIGN AND SETTING Prospective follow-up study during 2011-12 of a population-based study in South Australia conducted between 2003 and 2004. PARTICIPANTS 8-13-year-old children initially examined in 2003 and 200...

Fluoride contaminated drinking water is a global problem affecting more than 25 nations and over 200 million people globally. The present study was aimed to determine the fluoride concentration in the drinking water of certain areas of Lahore (Manga Mandi, Ali Razaabad, Nawab town, Patoki, Multan road, Judicial colony, Dubai town, Mustafa town) and its relationship to dental fluorosis. A total ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of caries in children aged 8-13 years having dental fluorosis and to determine the correlation between the grades of dental fluorosis and caries. MATERIAL AND METHODS 451 school children in the age group of 8-13 years were selected for the study and were divided into six age groups. The children were assessed for ...

Fluorosis induced by exposure to high level fluoride is quite widespread in the world. The manifestations of fluorosis include dental mottling, bone damage, and impaired malfunction of soft tissues. However, the molecular mechanism of fluorosis has not been clarified until now. To explore the underlying mechanisms of fluorosis and screen out serum biomarkers, we carried out a quantitative prote...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Endemic fluorosis resulting from high fluoride concentration in groundwater is a major public health problem in India. This study was carried out to measure and compare the prevalence of dental fluorosis and dental caries in the population residing in high and normal level of fluoride in their drinking water in Vadodara district, Gujarat, India. METHODS A cross-section...