There is limited information on the effects and requirements of specific fatty acids for dairy calves. The starter diet based on corn and soybean meal, which is typical in the United States, is low in C(18:3), and the ratio of C(18:2) to C(18:3) is quite high relative to recommendations for human infants. Additionally, other functional fatty acids (C(20:4), C(20:5), C(22:6)) elongated from C(18...

Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside is the main flax (Linum usitatissimum) lignan that is converted to the mammalian lignans enterodiol (ED) and enterolactone (EL) by gastrointestinal microbiota. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the role of ruminal microbiota and the effects of flax oil on in vivo metabolism of flax lignans and concentration of EL in biological fluids. Four ...

The effect of soy as a natural antioxidant against flaxseed rancidity in yeast breads was tested. Variables included: control (100% bread flour); yeast bread with 15% flax meal in place of part of the total bread flour; yeast bread with 15% flax meal and 5% soy; and yeast bread with 15% flax and 10% soy. Objective and sensory tests were used to evaluate breads. Peroxide values indicated that th...

A new method of retting flax recently developed to suit the United Kingdom climate has allowed the reintroduction of flax growing to this country. The weed killer glyphosate is sprayed on the crop which then rets before harvesting six weeks later. The acute bronchoconstrictor responses of 11 normal subjects to dust from dew retted and from pre-harvest retted flaxes were compared in a double bli...

A cDNA-AFLP approach on Linum usitatissimum (flax) was used to identify genes specifically expressed during the seed maturation process. Among the 20,000 cDNA-AFLP tags produced, 486 were selected for their seed-specific expression during maturation. When compared with the publicly available databases, half of them presented some significant similarity with known plant sequences. The results ob...

Yarn properties can be altered through blending fibres. According to the requirement different properties can be achieved by different blending ratios. Among the different blends cotton and polyester, cotton and wool, wool and acrylic, cotton and nylon, jute and acrylic, cotton and rayon etc are common. Flax and polyester has been a popular blend now-adays and depicts excellent properties than ...

The chemical composition of lipids from bast fibers of flax (Linum usitatissimum), which are commonly used for high-quality paper pulp production, was thoroughly studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The main compounds identified were waxes, series of long chain n-fatty alcohols, n-aldehydes, n-fatty acids, and n-alkanes. Free and esterified sterols and triterpenols, steroid hydrocar...

BACKGROUND Flavonoids are a group of secondary plant metabolites important for plant growth and development. They show also a protective effect against colon and breast cancer, diabetes, hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis, lupus nephritis, and immune and inflammatory reactions. Thus, overproduction of these compounds in flax by genetic engineering method might potentiate biotechnological appl...

About 30% of the world's ice-free land area is occupied by acid soils. In soils with pH below 5, aluminum (Al) releases to the soil solution, and becomes highly toxic for plants. Therefore, breeding of varieties that are resistant to Al is needed. Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is grown worldwide for fiber and seed production. Al toxicity in acid soils is a serious problem for flax cultivation. ...

The mode I interlaminar fracture toughness of stitched and unstitched composite laminates of continuous UD flax fiber and epoxy matrix was experimentally and numerically investigated. A twistless flax fiber yarn was used for stitching purpose. The mode I interlaminar energy release rate of the unstitched and stitched laminates was experimentally determined through Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) t...