The following study provides new insight into how surface topography dictates directed collective epithelial cell sheet growth through the guidance of individual cell movement. Collective cell behavior of migrating human corneal limbal-epithelial cell sheets were studied on highly biocompatible flat and micro-patterned silk film surfaces. The silk film edge topography guided the migratory direc...

There are 3 distinct types of glial cells in the optic lamina of the lobster: dark, light, and sheet cells, all distinguished from the neurons by being multipolar and not having dictyosomes. Dark cells are surrounded by intercellular material and together with light cells constitute a structural support for the groups of nerve cells. Light cells are also sheath cells for the neuron somata. The ...

The transitional Reynolds numbers for different patterns are available and a proposed transitional map is also provided in this paper. The transition of falling-films on flat tubes is studied in this work. Water and ethylene glycol are used as working fluids, for falling-film experiments conducted under adiabatic conditions, without an imposed vapor flow. The flow patterns are recorded using a ...

Subglacial topography plays an important role in modulating the distribution and flow of basal water. Where topography predates ice sheet inception, it can also reveal insights into former tectonic and geomorphological processes. Although such associations are known in Antarctica, little consideration has been given to them in Greenland, partly because much of the ice sheet bed is thought to be...

Classifiers are overt linguistic categorisation devices and ‚a unique window‛ into human cognition (Lakoff, 1986). English is traditionally regarded as a non-classifier language, but a closer look shows that English also possesses classifier-like words, called ‘Quasi-Classifiers’/QCLs. This paper focuses on the cognitive categorisation process underlying English QCL usage, and takes the two-dim...

A recent experiment [Boncheva Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102, 3924 (2005)] introduced the possibility of initiating the self-assembly of a three-dimensional structure from a flat elastic sheet. The ultimate utility of this method for assembly depends on whether it leads to incorrect, metastable structures. Here we examine how the number of metastable states depends on the sheet shape and thi...

‘For an isotropic, homogeneous and linearly elastic sheet subjected to selfequilibrating edge stresses over a portion of its boundary and free of surface and edge load otherwise, an explicit rate of decay of the stresses in the sheet was given in [1 ]. In particular, the stresses in a semi-infinite rectangular strip subjected to self-equilibrating in-plane normal and shear stress resultants alo...

Membrane filtration, especially based on the size exclusion phenomenon, has long been established due to its abilities to addressing the growing demands of the clean water of the world’s population. However, widespread applications of the membranes face several challenges including chemical vulnerability, thermal deterioration, and biological degradation of the membranes that transpire while re...