The development of the Greek Text-To-Speech (TTS) system by NTUA is based on the method of concatenative synthesis and follows the Bell Labs approach to this technique. Concatenative synthesis is one of the simplest methods for speech synthesis and at the same time bypasses most of the problems encountered by articulatory and formant synthesis techniques. The method relies on designing and crea...

the regulation of dopamine and serotonin synthesis in rat brain striatal synaptosomes has been studied using hplc methods. noradrenaline was shown to markedly inhibit both the synthesis of dopamine and serotonin. the response of the synaptosomes to the concentrations of noradrenaline appeared to be biphasic, a very effective inhibition occurring at low concentrations (1-5 µm) and a relatively i...

We are presenting an interactive course on speech synthesis which is designed to support the education in speech communication. In the basic section, the fundamental principles of speech synthesis are explained. To explore a complete text-to-speech (TTS) system, the user is provided with access to the Dresden Speech Synthesizer DreSS. The user may type any text, and he may observe how the syste...

The goal of this paper is to present the work carried out up to now for the development of the Greek Text-To-Speech (GRTTS) system by NTUA. The system under consideration is based on the method of concatenative synthesis and follows the Bell Labs approach to this technique. In order that the input text to the GRTTS is translated into continuous synthetic speech the following modules have alread...

Accurate estimation of segmental durations is crucial for naturalsounding text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis. This paper presents a model of vowel duration used in the Bell Labs Japanese TTS system. We describe the constraints on vowel devoicing, and effects of factors such as phone identity, surrounding phone identities, accentuation, syllabic structure, and phrasal position on the duration of bot...

This paper presents a methodology for articulatory synthesis of running speech in American English driven by real-time magnetic resonance imaging (rtMRI) mid-sagittal vocal-tract data. At the core of the methodology is a time-domain simulation of the propagation of sound in the vocal tract developed previously by Maeda. The first step of the methodology is the automatic derivation of air-tissue...

A new articulatory synthesizer (SAPWindows), with a modular and flexible design, is described. A comprehensive acoustic model and a new interactive glottal source were implemented. Perceptual tests and simulations made possible by the synthesizer contributed to deepen our knowledge of one of the most important characteristics of European Portuguese, the nasal vowels. First attempts at incorpora...

This paper discusses two well-known phonetic-phonological phenomena of Japanese, vowel devoicing and mora-timed rhythm. Regarding vowel devoicing as a process of vowels getting consonantal, it may change the mora-templated syllable structures of Japanese, resulting in the deviation from mora-timed rhythm. To investigate spontaneous Japanese with comparison to other languages, the label data of ...

Selectivity in the catalytic functionalization of complex molecules is a major challenge in chemical synthesis. The problem is magnified when there are several possible stereochemical outcomes and when similar functional groups occur repeatedly within the same molecule. Selective polyene oxidation provides an archetypical example of this challenge. Historically, enzymatic catalysis has provided...