We review two recently proposed on-shell schemes for the renormalization of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark mixing matrix in the Standard Model. One first constructs gauge-independent mass counterterm matrices for the upand down-type quarks complying with the hermiticity of the complete mass matrices. Diagonalization of the latter then leads to explicit expressions for the CKM counter...

We present some elements of a new family of time-optimal solutions to a less restrictive firing squad synchronization problem. These solutions are all built on top of some elementary algebraic cellular automata. Thus, this gives a very new insight on the problem and a more general way of computing on cellular automata.

The current status of some methods to determine the weak phase γ of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix element V ∗ ub using B decays is discussed, and comments are made on accuracy achievable in the next few years.

We present two solutions to the firing synchronization problem on the ring, an 8-state minimal-time solution and a 6-state non-minimaltime solution. Both solutions use fewer states than the previous bestknown minimal-time automaton, a 16-state solution due to Culik. We also give the first lower bounds on the number of states needed for solutions to the ring firing synchronization problem. We sh...

We consider the problem of synchronizing the activity of all the membranes of a P system. After pointing at the connection with a similar problem dealt with in the field of cellular automata where the problem is called the firing squad synchronization problem, FSSP for short, we provide two algorithms to solve this problem. One algorithm is nondeterministic and it works in the time 3h, where h ...

Abstract—We introduce a new class of FSSP (firing squad synchronization problem) algorithms based on recursive-halving and construct a survey on recent developments in FSSP algorithms for one-dimensional cellular arrays. We present herein a comparison of the quantitative aspects of the optimum-time FSSP algorithms developed so far. Several state-efficient new implementations and new insights in...

We review the present status of the Standard Model of CP violation, which is based on a complex phase in the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix. So far CP violation has been observed only in K −K mixing, consistent with a sizable phase. The implications of future CP nonconserving measurements in K and B decays are discussed within the model. Direct CP violation in K → 2π may be observed in ...