Heat and mass transfer, in this paper, is considered in one-row heat exchanger, that fins are hotter than air flow and water is added to fins. Related governing equations are derived by analyzing a two-dimension model in a unique cell of a heat exchange. These equations are numerically solved by finite difference method. Heat transfer and efficiency under partially wet surface are calculated by...

Contiguous graphite fins can be grown with Microwave Plasma CVD from the surface of different types of thermally conductive (TC), graphite fibers. The fins grow from all fiber filaments in multiple same TC graphite fiber tow bundles. Fin morphology consists of contiguous branching graphene basal planes originating from the fiber’s surface and curling outwards regardless of the fiber’s isotropic...

Almost all gnathostomes or jawed vertebrates (including osteichthyans, chondrichthyans, 'acanthodians' and most placoderms) possess paired pectoral and pelvic fins. To date, it has generally been believed that antiarch placoderms (extinct armoured jawed fishes from the Silurian-Devonian periods) lacked pelvic fins. The putative absence of pelvic fins is a key character bearing on the monophyly ...

The biomechanics of animal limbs has evolved to meet the functional demands for movement associated with different behaviors and environments. Effective movement relies not only on limb mechanics but also on appropriate mechanosensory feedback. By comparing sensory ability and mechanics within a phylogenetic framework, we show that peripheral mechanosensation has evolved with limb biomechanics,...

Many animals maneuver superbly underwater using their pectoral appendages. These animals range from sunfish, which have flexible, low aspect ratio fins, to penguins, which have relatively stiff, high aspect ratio wings. Biorobotics is a means of gaining insight into the mechanisms these animals use for maneuvering. In this study, experiments were carried out with models of abstracted penguin wi...

Knowledge about the stiffness of fish fins, and whether stiffness is modulated during swimming, is important for understanding the mechanics of a fin's force production. However, the mechanical properties of fins have not been studied during natural swimming, in part because of a lack of instrumentation. To remedy this, a vortex generator was developed that produces traveling vortices of adjust...

Paddles and fins are used during swim training and practice as tools for improving performance. The use of these equipment can alter physiological and kinematic parameters of swimming. The purpose of this literature review was to present and discuss the effects of paddles and fins on kinematic and physiological variables in front crawl, and provide update on the topic for teachers, researchers,...

Castanospermine, an indolizidine alkaloid isolated from the seeds of the chestnuttree Castanospermumaustrale,has beenshownto prevent the normal glycosylationalPrOCessingof the v-fins-transformingglyco protein. v-fins-transformedcellsgrownin vitro in the presenceof castano spermine accumulate Immature forms of the glycoprotein that do not reach the cell surface. These treated cells revert to the...

In 1926, when C. M. Breder published his classic monograph on the locomotion of fishes (Breder, 1926), little was known about how fish coordinate movement among fins. Despite Breder’s wide-ranging functional and phylogenetic analysis of different modes of fish swimming, followed in 1930 by the pioneering physiological work of Eric von Holst (1973), who looked at general patterns of fish fin mov...

One of the primary ways to enhance heat transfer rate is to use extended surfaces or fins. The heat transfer mechanism of fin is to conduct heat from the heat source to fin surface by its thermal conduction, and then dissipates it to surrounding medium by convection. Most common application areas of fins are in combustion engines, heat exchangers and cooling of electronic equipments. Early stud...