Fouling is a major challenge for the economic feasibility and applicability of membrane bioreactors. Several strategies have been proposed fouling control, among them, addition flux enhancers (FE) shown promising results. Previous research revealed high variability required optimal dosage FE different types sludge; however, studies analysing causes such are lacking. Therefore, this examines eff...

Erythrocyte and leukocyte suspensions were prepared from 28 patients with chronic cerebrovascular disease and 30 age- and concomitant disease-matched control subjects. Cell filterability was studied with the new St. George's filtrometer, which can discriminate between initial filtration rate as an erythrocyte parameter and filter clogging as a leukocyte parameter. Compared with control subjects...