Fulvic, humic, acetic, N-bulyric, formic, lactic, and propionic acids were inhibitory to the survival or reproduction of Aphelenchus avenae, Aphelenchoides goodeyi, Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus, Meloidogyne hapla or Xiphinema americanum. Reproduction of H. pseudorobustus and M. hapla significantly increased with increasing amounts of muck added to sand, and with the initial amount of nematode...

Nematodes of three genera (Acrobeloides sp., Aphelenchus avenae, and Scutellonema brachyurum) were induced to coil and enter anhydrobiosis in drying soil of two types: sandy loam and loamy sand. Coiling was studied in relationship to soil moisture characteristics. Coiling and the physiological state of anhydrobiosis occurred before the water in sandy soils reached a water potential of -15 bars....

Temperature-induced phase transitions estimated by electron spin resonance (ESR) technique were ohscrved in the lipids of several nematode species. In both Meloidogyne javanica and Caenorhahditis elegans, there was a phase transition in their phospholipids from a liquid-crystalline state to a solid gel state at about 10 C. Aphelenchus avenae also had a phase transition, but at about 20 C. With ...

The insect growth regulators (IGRs), diflubenzuron and BAY SIR 8514, at 300 and 1,000 ppm a.i. in potato dextrose agar (PDA) inhibited the radial growth of the fungus Rhizoctonia solani host of Aphelenchus avenae. The IGRs had no effect on the growth of the bacterium Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes host of Acrobeloides nanus and Diplogaster iheritieri. At 59 ppm a.i., neither IGR inhibited the po...

Filenchus flagellicaudatus n. sp. and Lelenchus schmitti n. sp. are described from Pepe'opae bog on Molokai, Hawaii. Filenchus flagellicaudatus n. sp. is distinguished from all other Filenchus spp. by stylet length (10 microm), robust metacorpus, elongated basal bulb, and extraordinarily long, whip-like tail (c = 2.6, c' = 31.8). Lelenchus schmitti n. sp. differs from other Lelenchus spp. by it...

Maturity index values reflect life history characteristics often inferred by morphology. We tested the hypothesis that Acrobeloides and Aphelenchus are sensitive to chemical pollutants, opposite of what their colonizer-persister (CP) value of 2 suggests. Acrobeloides and Aphelenchus were reared at 19 degrees C and provided diets of Escherichia coli and Rhizoctonia solani, respectively. LC50 val...