We have quantified the distribution of filament sizes and filament separation in internal Sn type Nb3Sn strand manufactured to ITER specification. In Nb-Ti strand for the SSC we had found a clear relationship between filament cross-sectional uniformity in a given cross-section and the n-value for an entire strand, but for the Nb3Sn we are not able to find one. In these Nb3Sn strands, however, t...

Stationary phase cultures of Candida albicans inoculated into fresh medium at 37 degrees C synchronously from buds at pH 4.5 and mycelia at pH 6.5. During bud formation, a filament ring forms just under the plasma membrane at the mother cell-bud junction at roughly the time of evagination. A filament ring also forms in mycelium-forming cells, but it appears later than in a budding cell and it i...

The lengths of the sarcomeric thin filaments vary in a skeletal muscle-specific manner and help specify the physiological properties of skeletal muscle. Since the extent of overlap between the thin and thick filaments determines the amount of contractile force that a sarcomere can actively produce, thin filament lengths are accurate predictors of muscle-specific sarcomere length-tension relatio...

Actomyosin-based cortical flow is a fundamental engine for cellular morphogenesis. Cortical flows are generated by cross-linked networks of actin filaments and myosin motors, in which active stress produced by motor activity is opposed by passive resistance to network deformation. Continuous flow requires local remodeling through crosslink unbinding and and/or filament disassembly. But how loca...

RecA protein (RecA) forms a nucleoprotein filament composed of a helical protein array that binds to singlestranded DNA (ssDNA), which in its active form is then able to initiate various reactions. A series of studies to date suggest the following roles of the N-terminal domain on filament formation by RecA. 1) The N-terminal domain of RecA is the functional region for protein-protein interacti...

A model is developed to study the in vivo intermediate filament organization in terms of repartition between four different structural states: soluble proteins, particles, short, and long filaments. An analysis is conducted, showing that the system has a unique, globally asymptotically stable equilibrium. By means of sensitivity analysis, the influence of parameters on the system is studied. It...

De novo expression of vimentin, GFAP or peripherin leads to the assembly of an extended intermediate filament network in intermediate filament-free SW13/cl.2 cells. Desmin, in contrast, does not form extended filament networks in either SW13/cl.2 or intermediate filament-free mouse fibroblasts. Rather, desmin formed short thickened filamentous structures and prominent spot-like cytoplasmic aggr...

The RecA/RAD51 nucleoprotein filament is central to the reaction of homologous recombination (HR). Filament activity must be tightly regulated in vivo as unrestrained HR can cause genomic instability. Our mechanistic understanding of HR is restricted by lack of structural information about the regulatory proteins that control filament activity. Here, we describe a structural and functional anal...

We consider a single living semi-flexible filament with persistence length ℓp in chemical equilibrium with a solution of free monomers at fixed monomer chemical potential μ1 and fixed temperature T. While one end of the filament is chemically active with single monomer (de)polymerization steps, the other end is grafted normally to a rigid wall to mimic a rigid network from which the filament un...