Background: The aim of our study was to evaluate the characteristics of the learning curve of the first trimester (FT) fetal heart scan and to determine the required number of ultrasound examinations for training sonographers to accurately assess the normal fetal heart at 11–13+6 weeks’ gestation, by means of 2D ultrasound. Methods: We selected four trainees (resident doctors) with theoretical ...

Intrapartum hypoxia was thought to contribute to the incidence of cerebral palsy, seizures and mental retardation. Electronic fetal monitoring was expected to prevent or reduce this incidence. Electronic fetal monitoring has a high false positive rate and fetal blood sampling, which is an invasive procedure, only allows an intermittent assessment. Efforts are being made to improve fetal heart r...

Continuous electronic fetal monitoring was developed in the 1960s to assist in the diagnosis of fetal hypoxia during labor. Continuous electronic fetal monitoring has been shown to reduce the incidence of neonatal seizures, but there has been no beneficial effect in decreasing cerebral palsy or neonatal Continuous electronic fetal monitoring was developed in the 1960s to assist in the diagnosis...

one of the major goals of antenatal care is estimation of gestational age.the most widely used parameters for evaluation of fetal growth are biparietal diameter (BPD),femoral length (FL) and adbominal circumference (AC).to determine the value of prenatal ultrasonographic scapula measurements for fetal growth and gesattional age a prospective ultrasonographic cross-sectional study was conducted ...

‘Observation of fetal behavior reflects the functioning of the central nervous system, and behavioral assessment of the fetus enables the function of the brain to be examined’.1 The introduction of four-dimensional (4D) sonography techniques would facilitate fetal behavioral assessment in three dimensions in real time during pregnancy. We describe the latest 4D sonographic studies on fetal neur...

Fetal behavioral patterns have been considered as indicators of fetal brain development. Numerous studies employing conventional 2D ultrasound have shown that normally developing fetuses and fetuses at risk exhibit different patterns of behavior. With the appearance and development of 4D ultrasound, fetal behavioral movements, and the full range of facial expressions can be observed. After stan...

Malm, M.-C. 2016. Fetal Movements in late Pregnancy. Categorization, Self-assessment, and Prenatal Attachment in relation to women’s experiences. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine 1171. 73 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-554-9446-9. Aim: To explore how pregnant women experience fetal movements in late pregnancy. Specif...

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BACKGROUND Low maternal awareness of fetal movements is associated with negative birth outcomes. Knowledge regarding pregnant women's compliance with programs of systematic self-assessment of fetal movements is needed. The aim of this study was to investigate women's experiences using two different self-assessment methods for monitoring fetal movements and to determine if the women had a prefer...

When a critically ill woman is pregnant, clinical interventions for the mother can have a profound effect on fetal status. It is essential that the fetus be considered as the second patient when developing the plan of care. The most practical solution for providing comprehensive care to pregnant women in the intensive care unit (ICU) is a collaborative approach involving members of the ICU and ...