To better understand the climate, vegetation and fire history of southern South America since the last deglaciation, sediment characteristics, diatoms, pollen, microscopic and macroscopic charcoal and magnetic susceptibility were analyzed in a 14-m long sediment core from a closed basin fen at Lago Pollux, Aisén Province, southern Chile (45°41′30′′ S lat, 71°50′30′′ W long, 640 m elev.). Sedime...

The interaction between flap endonuclease 1 (FEN-1) and proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is critical for faithful and efficient Okazaki fragment maturation. In a living cell, this interaction is probably important for PCNA to load FEN-1 to the replication fork, to coordinate the sequential functions of FEN-1 and other enzymes, and to stimulate its enzyme activity. The FEN-1/PCNA intera...

Hepatoprotective potential of peroxisome proliferator activator receptor (PPAR)- α and - γ agonists, fenofibrate (FEN), and pioglitazone (PIO), respectively, against cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced toxicity has been investigated in rat. FEN and PIO (150 and 10 mg/kg/day, resp.) were given orally for 4 weeks. In separate groups, CP (150 mg/kg, i.p.) was injected as a single dose 5 days before the ...

Flap endonuclease-1 or FEN-1 is a structure-specific and multifunctional nuclease critical for DNA replication, repair, and recombination; however, its interaction with DNA substrates has not been fully understood. In the current study, we have defined the borders of the interaction between the FEN-1 protein and its DNA substrates and identified six clusters of conserved positively charged amin...

The environmental strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 promotes plant growth and suppresses plant pathogenic organisms present in the rhizosphere. We sampled sequenced the genome of FZB42 and identified 2,947 genes with >50% identity on the amino acid level to the corresponding genes of Bacillus subtilis 168. Six large gene clusters encoding nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) and polyke...

NEUROSCIENCE Correction for “Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain,” by Robert C. Coghill, John G. McHaffie, and Ye-Fen Yen, which was first published June 24, 2003; 10.1073/pnas.1430684100 (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:8538–8542). The authors note that the author name Ye-Fen Yen should instead appear as Yi-Fen Yen. The corrected author line appears...

An eight week study was conducted to investigate the effect of inclusion of tomato waste meal in layer diets on laying performance, egg quality and lipid profile as a means to reduce feed cost and pollution. Four laying diets containing tomato waste meal (TWM) at four levels of 0, 3, 6 or 9% were assigned randomly to 4 groups of 40 birds divided among four replicates of 10 birds in each dietary...

D-Fenfluramine (D-Fen) increases serotonin (5-HT) content in the synaptic cleft and exerts anorexigenic effects in animals and humans. However, the neural circuits that mediate these effects are not fully identified. To address this issue, we assessed the efficacy of D-Fen-induced hypophagia in mouse models with manipulations of several genes in selective populations of neurons. Expectedly, we ...

Leaves of tomato cultivars that contain the Pto bacterial resistance locus develop small necrotic lesions within 24 hr after exposure to fenthion, an organophosphorous insecticide. Recently, the Pto gene was isolated and shown to be a putative serine/threonine protein kinase. Pto is one member of a multigene family that is clustered within a 400-kb region on chromosome 5. Here, we report that a...

FENs (flap endonucleases) play essential roles in DNA replication, pivotally in the resolution of Okazaki fragments. In eubacteria, DNA PolI (polymerase I) contains a flap processing domain, the N-terminal 5'-->3' exonuclease. We present evidence of paralogous FEN-encoding genes present in many eubacteria. Two distinct classes of these independent FEN-encoding genes exist with four groups of eu...