Objective(s):Neurotoxicity of anticancer drugs complicates treatment of cancer patients. Vinblastine (VBL) is reported to induce motor and cognitive impairments in patients receiving chronic low-dose regimen. Materials and Methods: The effects of VBL treatment on motor, learning and memory functions of male and female Wistar rats were studied by behavioral related tests. Animals were given chro...

Avoidance is a core feature of anxiety disorders and factors which increase avoidance expression or its resistance represent a source of vulnerability for anxiety disorders. Outbred female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and inbred male and female Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats expressing behaviorally inhibited (BI) temperament learn avoidance faster than male SD rats. The training protocol used in these stu...

PURPOSE Biological sex and age are considered as two important factors that may influence the function and structure of the retina, an effect that might be governed by sexual hormones such as estrogen. The purpose of this study was to delineate the influence that biological sex and age exert on the retinal function and structure of rodents and also clarify the effect that the estrus cycle might...

Phyllanthus emblica (PE) is a plant widely found in Indonesia, especially Sumatra island, and India. This study followed the OECD No. 420. The groups were divided based on gender, male female rats. Male rats into 6 groups, which male/female control, 2000 mg/kgBW, 5000 mg/kgBW. revealed that ethanol extract of (EEPE) doses mg/kgBW did not cause histological changes heart, liver, testes, ovaries,...

Males are at greater risk for renal injury than females. This may relate to nitric oxide (NO) availability, because female rats have higher renal endothelial NO synthase (NOS) levels. Previously, our laboratory found susceptibility to proteinuria induced by NOS inhibition in male compared with female rats. Dyslipidemia and hypercholesterolemia dose dependently decreased renal NOS activity and c...

Background: Antioxidants such as α-tocopherol (vitamin E) and β-carotene (vitamin A) play an important role in protective effect of repeated brief periods of ischemia, namely ischemic preconditioning (IPC). Values of these antioxidants were investigated and compared after induction of ischemia reperfusion (IR) and kidney IPC in both male and female rats. Methods: Forty eight Wistar rats were di...

Various physiological parameters including level of sex steroids undergo alterations following chronic administration of morphine. In this study, the effect of chronic administration of morphine on phasic and tonic pain was studied in morphine-dependent male and female rats in the presence and absence of gonads using formalin test. In addition, for evaluation of differences in dependency, withd...

Zabka, A. G., G. S. Mitchell, E. B. Olson, Jr., and M. Behan. Selected Contribution: Chronic intermittent hypoxia enhances respiratory long-term facilitation in geriatric female rats. J Appl Physiol 95: 2614–2623, 2003. First published August 22, 2003; 10.1152/japplphysiol.00476.2003.— Age and the estrus cycle affect time-dependent respiratory responses to episodic hypoxia in female rats. Respi...

the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary zinc levels during gestation on physical development of offspring. the statistical population consisted of adult male and female rats (albino-wistar) which were obtained from pasteur institute, iran. after mating, 9 pregnant female rats were divided into 3 groups: 1) zinc deficient group (0.05

AIMS The possible interaction between nicotine and 'binge drinking' in eliciting changes in behavioural patterns of 'binge drinking' rats as well as nucleus accumbens (NAc) glutamate levels has been investigated in these present studies. METHODS Adult or adolescent male and female rats received ethanol, 2 g/kg or 3 g/kg, by gavage in a 'binge drinking' regimen (3 times/day over a 6 h period, ...